{
  "version": "1.0",
  "schema": "https://entitymap.org/spec/v1.0",
  "profile": "core",
  "publisher": {
    "name": "PaymentCompanies.com",
    "url": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/"
  },
  "generated": "2026-07-28T00:00:00Z",
  "verificationStatus": "self-declared",
  "entities": [
    {
      "entityId": "e_adyen",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Adyen",
      "description": "A Dutch listed payments company that is both the gateway and the licensed acquiring bank on a single platform, serving mainly large enterprise and platform merchants.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_adyen",
          "text": "Most payment companies are assemblies: a gateway from one vendor, a risk engine from another, an acquiring relationship with a sponsoring bank, a settlement process bolted across the top. Adyen is the exception the rest of the industry is measured against — one platform, built in-house, where the gateway, risk engine, acquiring licence and settlement all belong to the same regulated entity. Adyen N.V.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/adyen/",
          "pageTitle": "Adyen — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_adyen_card_processing",
          "text": "Adyen is a principal scheme member and the acquirer of record for its merchants in its licensed markets, so it processes and settles card transactions on its own licence rather than through a third-party acquirer.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/adyen/",
          "pageTitle": "Adyen — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_adyen_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online card and alternative-payment acceptance through Adyen's Web Drop-in, Components and API is the company's founding product and its largest processing channel.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/adyen/",
          "pageTitle": "Adyen — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_adyen_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Adyen sells its own certified payment terminals and an in-person SDK, and it markets unified commerce — one platform for in-store and online payments with a shared shopper record — as a primary differentiator.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/adyen/",
          "pageTitle": "Adyen — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Adyen N.V.",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Adyen",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
          "targetName": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
          "targetId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_checkout_com",
          "targetName": "Checkout.com",
          "targetId": "e_checkout_com",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_worldpay",
          "targetName": "Worldpay",
          "targetId": "e_worldpay",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_affirm",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Affirm",
      "description": "A Nasdaq-listed US buy-now-pay-later lender that underwrites instalment loans at the point of sale — mostly interest-bearing, never with late fees — originated through partner banks and funded through securitisations and loan sales rather than deposits.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_affirm",
          "text": "Affirm is a lender that sells itself at checkout. When a shopper reaches the payment step at a merchant that has integrated it, Affirm offers a loan for that specific purchase instead of a card charge, underwrites the shopper on the spot, pays the merchant, and then collects from the consumer in instalments.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/affirm/",
          "pageTitle": "Affirm — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_affirm_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online checkout financing is Affirm's founding product and the bulk of the US$36.7 billion of GMV it facilitated in the fiscal year ended 30 June 2025 across approximately 377,000 active merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/affirm/",
          "pageTitle": "Affirm — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_affirm_fraud_risk_tooling",
          "text": "Per-transaction underwriting is Affirm's core competence and its principal risk control — it approves or declines each purchase individually rather than extending a revolving line, and reported a provision for credit losses of US$616.7 million in FY2025.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/affirm/",
          "pageTitle": "Affirm — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_affirm_developer_api",
          "text": "Affirm publishes merchant APIs and SDKs and integrates natively with major commerce platforms so merchants can add pay-over-time to an existing checkout.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/affirm/",
          "pageTitle": "Affirm — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Affirm Inc",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Affirm_Holdings",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_bnpl",
          "targetName": "Buy Now, Pay Later",
          "targetId": "e_grp_bnpl"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_klarna",
          "targetName": "Klarna",
          "targetId": "e_klarna",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_airwallex",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Airwallex",
      "description": "A global financial platform that gives businesses multi-currency accounts, cross-border payouts, FX, spend cards and online payment acceptance on its own licence network rather than through a single acquiring partner.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_airwallex",
          "text": "Airwallex is a licensed financial platform for businesses that trade across borders. It was founded in Melbourne in 2015 by Jack Zhang, Max Li, Lucy Liu, Xijing Dai and Ki-Lok Wong, moved its headquarters to Hong Kong in 2018, and as of December 2025 runs dual global headquarters in Singapore and San Francisco. It employs roughly 2,000 people across offices including London, Amsterdam, Shanghai, Tokyo and Berlin. The product set is broader than the phrase &quot;payments company&quot; suggests.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/airwallex/",
          "pageTitle": "Airwallex — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_airwallex_card_processing",
          "text": "Airwallex acquires Visa and Mastercard transactions under its own licences in several markets and is a PCI DSS Level 1 service provider.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/airwallex/",
          "pageTitle": "Airwallex — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_airwallex_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Airwallex sells hosted checkout, drop-in elements and a payments API for online card and local-method acceptance, with plugins for major e-commerce platforms.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/airwallex/",
          "pageTitle": "Airwallex — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_airwallex_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "Multi-currency accounts, cross-border collection and FX conversion at a published margin over the interbank rate are Airwallex's founding product and its main differentiator.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/airwallex/",
          "pageTitle": "Airwallex — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Airwallex Global",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Airwallex",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_cross_border",
          "targetName": "Cross-Border & Global Acquiring",
          "targetId": "e_grp_cross_border"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_payoneer",
          "targetName": "Payoneer",
          "targetId": "e_payoneer",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_authorize_net",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Authorize.net",
      "description": "One of the oldest US payment gateways, now a Visa subsidiary, used mainly to connect an existing merchant account to a website, virtual terminal or shopping cart.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_authorize-net",
          "text": "Authorize.net is a gateway, not a processor, and the distinction is the single most useful thing to understand about it. Payment gateway. The software layer that captures card or bank details at the point of sale — a website checkout, a virtual terminal, a shopping cart, a card reader — encrypts or tokenizes them, sends them to the merchant's acquiring processor for authorization, and returns the answer. A gateway does not underwrite the merchant, does not hold the money, and does not settle funds. It is the pipe, not the bank.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/authorize-net/",
          "pageTitle": "Authorize.net — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_authorize-net_card_processing",
          "text": "Authorize.net's central function is authorising and routing card transactions from a merchant's website or terminal to the merchant's acquiring processor.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/authorize-net/",
          "pageTitle": "Authorize.net — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_authorize-net_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Authorize.net is integrated into hundreds of shopping carts, billing systems and e-commerce platforms and is one of the most widely supported gateway options in legacy commerce software.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/authorize-net/",
          "pageTitle": "Authorize.net — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_authorize-net_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Automated Recurring Billing (ARB) and the Customer Information Manager (CIM) vault are long-standing Authorize.net features widely used for subscription and membership billing.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/authorize-net/",
          "pageTitle": "Authorize.net — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Authorize.Net",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Authorize.Net",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_gateway",
          "targetName": "Payment Gateways",
          "targetId": "e_grp_gateway"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_nmi",
          "targetName": "NMI",
          "targetId": "e_nmi",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_bill",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "BILL",
      "description": "A NYSE-listed accounts payable and accounts receivable automation platform for small and mid-sized businesses and the accounting firms that serve them, which both runs the approval workflow and moves the money.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_bill",
          "text": "BILL sits between a small business's accounting ledger and its bank. On the payables side it captures supplier invoices, routes them through configurable approval workflows, then executes the payment itself — over ACH, virtual card, mailed paper check, international wire or local-currency transfer — and syncs the result back to QuickBooks, Xero, Sage Intacct, NetSuite or Dynamics 365 Business Central. On the receivables side it issues invoices and collects payment. The part that distinguishes BILL from workflow software is that last step.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/bill/",
          "pageTitle": "BILL — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_bill_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "ACH is BILL's primary payment rail, used for both outbound supplier payments and inbound collection of receivables.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/bill/",
          "pageTitle": "BILL — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_bill_payment_links_invoicing",
          "text": "Invoicing and online payment collection are a core BILL product line, reinforced by its acquisition of Invoice2go in 2021.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/bill/",
          "pageTitle": "BILL — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Bill.com",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar",
          "targetName": "B2B, AP & AR Automation",
          "targetId": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_tipalti",
          "targetName": "Tipalti",
          "targetId": "e_tipalti",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_melio",
          "targetName": "Melio",
          "targetId": "e_melio",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_braintree",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Braintree",
      "description": "PayPal's full-stack enterprise payment gateway and processing platform, offering direct card processing with native PayPal and Venmo acceptance and a portable card vault.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_braintree",
          "text": "Braintree is the enterprise-facing half of PayPal's merchant business, and a different product from the PayPal button most people picture. It is a full-stack payment platform: gateway, tokenization vault, risk tooling and merchant account delivered together, so a merchant integrates once and accepts cards, PayPal, Venmo, wallets and buy-now-pay-later through one API and one settlement flow.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/braintree/",
          "pageTitle": "Braintree — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_braintree_card_processing",
          "text": "Braintree processes Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Discover, JCB, Diners Club and UnionPay transactions as a full-stack platform, giving the merchant a merchant account and direct card processing rather than gateway-only connectivity.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/braintree/",
          "pageTitle": "Braintree — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_braintree_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online and in-app card and wallet acceptance is Braintree's core business, delivered through Drop-in UI, Hosted Fields and server SDKs for major languages.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/braintree/",
          "pageTitle": "Braintree — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_braintree_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Braintree provides a built-in recurring billing engine with plans, subscriptions, add-ons, discounts, proration, retry logic and a card vault with account updater, and this has been a signature capability since its early years.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/braintree/",
          "pageTitle": "Braintree — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "PayPal Braintree",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Braintree_(company)",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
          "targetName": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
          "targetId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_checkout_com",
          "targetName": "Checkout.com",
          "targetId": "e_checkout_com",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_bvnk",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "BVNK",
      "description": "A London-headquartered stablecoin payments company that gives businesses one API and a set of licensed entities for moving money between stablecoins and fiat — collecting, converting, holding and paying out — so they can use stablecoin rails without holding crypto licences themselves.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_bvnk",
          "text": "BVNK is a London-headquartered payments company that sells businesses the ability to move money across stablecoin rails without becoming a crypto company themselves. One integration gives a customer the ability to collect payments in stablecoins with automatic conversion to conventional currency, hold balances, convert between currencies, and pay out in either stablecoin or fiat over ACH, SEPA, Fedwire and Swift. It was founded in 2021 by Jesse Hemson-Struthers, Donald Jackson and Chris Harmse, and states more than 300 employees. Stablecoin.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/bvnk/",
          "pageTitle": "BVNK — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_bvnk_instant_realtime",
          "text": "Round-the-clock settlement is BVNK's central pitch — its Corpay partnership announced 11 May 2026 was framed as giving more than 800,000 enterprise businesses access to 24/7 stablecoin settlement.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/bvnk/",
          "pageTitle": "BVNK — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_bvnk_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "Cross-border collection, conversion and payout between stablecoins and fiat is BVNK's core function, though it publishes no conversion spread or FX pricing.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/bvnk/",
          "pageTitle": "BVNK — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_bvnk_developer_api",
          "text": "BVNK's proposition is a single API and set of licensed entities replacing separate crypto, banking and FX integrations, with both a managed service and the self-managed Layer1 product.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/bvnk/",
          "pageTitle": "BVNK — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "BVNK Ltd",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_crypto_stablecoin",
          "targetName": "Stablecoin & Crypto Payments",
          "targetId": "e_grp_crypto_stablecoin"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_cardconnect",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "CardConnect",
      "description": "A Fiserv-owned merchant acquirer and ISO whose CardPointe gateway, CardSecure tokenisation and Clover hardware are sold both directly to merchants and, mainly, through a large agent/ISO and software-partner channel.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cardconnect",
          "text": "CardConnect is a merchant acquirer and independent sales organization operating as a wholly owned brand inside Fiserv, Inc. It signs US businesses to card acceptance under merchant processing agreements and supplies the software layer merchants actually touch: the CardPointe gateway and merchant portal, the CardSecure encryption and tokenization service, its own integrated and semi-integrated terminals, and Clover point-of-sale hardware resold from its parent.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cardconnect/",
          "pageTitle": "CardConnect — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cardconnect_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acceptance is CardConnect's primary business: it is a registered ISO of five US acquiring banks and settles card transactions on Fiserv's acquiring platform.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cardconnect/",
          "pageTitle": "CardConnect — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cardconnect_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "The CardPointe Gateway provides e-commerce REST APIs, a Hosted iFrame Tokenizer and hosted payment pages so that raw card data never reaches the merchant's own servers.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cardconnect/",
          "pageTitle": "CardConnect — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cardconnect_in_person_pos",
          "text": "CardConnect sells Clover point-of-sale hardware alongside its own CardPointe Integrated Terminal and the Bolt semi-integrated terminal solution for card-present acceptance.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cardconnect/",
          "pageTitle": "CardConnect — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "CardPointe",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_gateway",
          "targetName": "Payment Gateways",
          "targetId": "e_grp_gateway"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_square",
          "targetName": "Square",
          "targetId": "e_square",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_cass_information_systems",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Cass Information Systems",
      "description": "A Nasdaq-listed Missouri company that audits, rates, pays and reports on transportation and facility invoices for large shippers and corporates, and that owns its own bank — Cass Commercial Bank — through which it disburses the money.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cass-information-systems",
          "text": "Cass Information Systems (Nasdaq: CASS) is a St. Louis company that processes other companies' bills. A large shipper, manufacturer or retailer hands Cass the invoices arriving from its freight carriers, utilities, waste haulers and maintenance vendors. Cass audits each one against the contract or tariff that should govern it, corrects or rejects what is wrong, codes the approved charges into the customer's general ledger, and pays the vendor.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cass-information-systems/",
          "pageTitle": "Cass Information Systems — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cass-information-systems_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "ACH is a primary disbursement rail for the roughly US$94 billion of annual payments Cass makes to carriers, utilities and other vendors on behalf of its customers.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cass-information-systems/",
          "pageTitle": "Cass Information Systems — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cass-information-systems_vertical_specialisation",
          "text": "Cass is a specialist in exactly two invoice families — transportation and freight, and facility expenses such as utilities, waste and MRO — and has run freight bill audit and payment for decades.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cass-information-systems/",
          "pageTitle": "Cass Information Systems — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Cass",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_freight_audit",
          "targetName": "Freight Audit & Payment",
          "targetId": "e_grp_freight_audit"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_cedar",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Cedar",
      "description": "A patient financial experience platform that takes over the billing, communication, coverage and payment steps after a US healthcare visit, sitting on top of the provider's existing billing system rather than replacing it.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cedar",
          "text": "Cedar is what happens to a medical bill after the insurer has finished with it. It plugs into the provider's existing practice management or EHR billing system, pulls the balances the patient owes, and owns everything downstream: email and SMS outreach, a plain-language AI summary of what the bill is for, real-time checks against the patient's deductible and health benefit account balances, the payment itself, an installment plan if the patient needs one, an operator portal for staff, and a voice channel for people who still call.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cedar/",
          "pageTitle": "Cedar — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cedar_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Cedar offers Auto-Pay and Promise-to-Pay plans with customisable guardrails on minimum and maximum amounts and plan duration.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cedar/",
          "pageTitle": "Cedar — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cedar_payment_links_invoicing",
          "text": "Patient statement presentation, email and SMS billing outreach with abandoned-payment reminders, and self-service payment are Cedar's central product.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cedar/",
          "pageTitle": "Cedar — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_cedar_vertical_specialisation",
          "text": "Cedar builds only for the US healthcare patient financial experience and markets no product outside it.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/cedar/",
          "pageTitle": "Cedar — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Cedar Cares",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_healthcare_payments",
          "targetName": "Healthcare Payments",
          "targetId": "e_grp_healthcare_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_waystar",
          "targetName": "Waystar",
          "targetId": "e_waystar",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_chargebee",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Chargebee",
      "description": "A subscription billing and revenue management platform that sits between a company's product and its payment gateways, handling pricing and plans, invoicing, dunning, tax, quoting and revenue recognition without processing the payments itself.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chargebee",
          "text": "Chargebee is billing software. It models what a customer is entitled to and what they owe — plans, pricing, usage, entitlements, proration, trials, coupons. It issues invoices and receipts, chases failed payments, applies tax treatment, and produces the revenue recognition schedules a finance team needs at close. When money has to be taken, it hands the instruction to a payment gateway the merchant already contracted with, and steps back. It is not a processor and not a gateway.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/chargebee/",
          "pageTitle": "Chargebee — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chargebee_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Recurring subscription billing is Chargebee's founding and primary product, covering plans, usage-based and hybrid pricing, proration, trials, coupons, entitlements, invoicing and dunning.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/chargebee/",
          "pageTitle": "Chargebee — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chargebee_payment_links_invoicing",
          "text": "Invoicing is a core Chargebee product, covering automated invoice generation, receivables collection (via the acquired numberz product), hosted payment pages and offline payment recording.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/chargebee/",
          "pageTitle": "Chargebee — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chargebee_developer_api",
          "text": "Chargebee is API-first with published REST APIs, webhooks, official client libraries, a test site and more than 60 productised integrations across ERP, CRM, finance, analytics and support systems.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/chargebee/",
          "pageTitle": "Chargebee — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "ChargeBee",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_billing_subscription",
          "targetName": "Subscription Billing & Merchant of Record",
          "targetId": "e_grp_billing_subscription"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_recurly",
          "targetName": "Recurly",
          "targetId": "e_recurly",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_chase_payment_solutions",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Chase Payment Solutions",
      "description": "JPMorgan Chase's merchant acquiring business for small and mid-sized US businesses, where the same institution is both the acquiring bank and the processor.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chase-payment-solutions",
          "text": "Chase Payment Solutions is the small-business merchant acquiring product of JPMorgan Chase &amp; Co. It is the current name for a business that has been through several: MNet in 1985, the Paymentech brand from 1996, Chase Paymentech as a Chase/First Data joint venture from 1997, wholly owned by JPMorgan Chase after the joint venture was unwound in 2008, and renamed Chase Payment Solutions for the small-business channel in 2022. The legal contracting entity is still Paymentech, LLC. The name change matters because it split the business in two.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/chase-payment-solutions/",
          "pageTitle": "Chase Payment Solutions — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chase-payment-solutions_card_processing",
          "text": "Chase Payment Solutions is a direct card acquirer in which JPMorgan Chase Bank is the member bank and Paymentech is the processor, and industry researcher TSG has identified Chase as the largest merchant acquirer in the United States by volume.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/chase-payment-solutions/",
          "pageTitle": "Chase Payment Solutions — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chase-payment-solutions_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Chase sells its own POS terminal, card reader and POS app for card-present acceptance, and card-present retail and restaurant merchants are the brand's primary audience.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/chase-payment-solutions/",
          "pageTitle": "Chase Payment Solutions — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chase-payment-solutions_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "Chase supports contactless cards, mobile wallets and Tap to Pay on iPhone, letting a merchant accept contactless payments on a phone without buying hardware.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/chase-payment-solutions/",
          "pageTitle": "Chase Payment Solutions — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Chase Paymentech",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chase_Payment_Solutions",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_acquirer_processor",
          "targetName": "Acquirers & Large Processors",
          "targetId": "e_grp_acquirer_processor"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_checkout_com",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Checkout.com",
      "description": "A London-headquartered full-stack payments company that is a principal member of the major card networks and does its own gateway, acquiring, processing and risk work for large, mostly cross-border online merchants.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_checkout-com",
          "text": "Checkout.com is a full-stack acquirer. It owns the gateway, holds the acquiring licenses and runs the processing platform, and sells all three under a single merchant contract. That structure is the most important thing to understand about it. Full-stack acquirer. A provider that is itself a principal member of the card networks and also runs its own gateway and processing software.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/checkout-com/",
          "pageTitle": "Checkout.com — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_checkout-com_card_processing",
          "text": "Checkout.com is a principal member of Visa, Mastercard, American Express, UnionPay, Discover/Diners and JCB and does its own acquiring and processing on a platform it built rather than reselling another acquirer's.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/checkout-com/",
          "pageTitle": "Checkout.com — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_checkout-com_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online card acceptance for large e-commerce merchants is Checkout.com's primary business, and it reported processing more than $300 billion of volume in 2025 for customers including eBay, Uber, Spotify and Temu.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/checkout-com/",
          "pageTitle": "Checkout.com — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_checkout-com_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "Cross-border acceptance with multi-currency settlement and local acquiring in several regions is the reason most of Checkout.com's enterprise merchants choose it.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/checkout-com/",
          "pageTitle": "Checkout.com — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Checkout Ltd",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Checkout.com",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
          "targetName": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
          "targetId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_worldpay",
          "targetName": "Worldpay",
          "targetId": "e_worldpay",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_clover",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Clover",
      "description": "Fiserv's cloud point-of-sale and business-management platform for small and mid-sized merchants, sold through banks, ISOs and Fiserv's own direct channel.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_clover",
          "text": "Clover is two things wearing one name. It is a point-of-sale operating system with a proprietary hardware family — Station, Mini, Flex, Duo, Go and a self-service Kiosk — and it is the merchant-facing brand on top of Fiserv's card acquiring business. The software is what staff touch. The acquiring is what moves the money, and that part is Fiserv's. This matters because of how Clover is sold. Most Clover accounts do not come from Clover.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/clover/",
          "pageTitle": "Clover — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_clover_card_processing",
          "text": "Clover accounts settle on Fiserv's acquiring platform, making card acceptance the product's central function rather than an add-on.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/clover/",
          "pageTitle": "Clover — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_clover_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Clover is fundamentally an in-person point-of-sale business, with a proprietary hardware family spanning countertop stations, handhelds, mini terminals and self-service kiosks.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/clover/",
          "pageTitle": "Clover — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_clover_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "All current Clover terminals accept contactless cards and mobile wallets, and Clover Go turns a phone into a card reader.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/clover/",
          "pageTitle": "Clover — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Clover Network",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Clover_Network",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_platform_pos",
          "targetName": "Commerce & POS Platforms",
          "targetId": "e_grp_platform_pos"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_toast",
          "targetName": "Toast",
          "targetId": "e_toast",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_corpay",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Corpay",
      "description": "An S&P 500 corporate payments company, renamed from FLEETCOR in 2024, that runs three businesses: B2B accounts payable and commercial cards, cross-border payments and FX risk management, and closed-loop fuel, vehicle and lodging payment networks.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_corpay",
          "text": "Corpay is not one company doing one thing. It is a holding structure around three distinct payment businesses, and a buyer evaluating it is almost always evaluating one of them rather than the whole. Vehicle Payments. Closed-loop and network fuel cards, plus EV charging, parking, tolls and maintenance payments. This is the business the company was built on under the FLEETCOR name. Corporate Payments.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/corpay/",
          "pageTitle": "Corpay — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_corpay_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "Corpay Cross-Border processes 4.1+ million payments annually across 200+ countries for 21,000+ customers, combining global payments, multi-currency accounts and currency risk management.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/corpay/",
          "pageTitle": "Corpay — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_corpay_fraud_risk_tooling",
          "text": "Spend control is the product in Corpay's vehicle business — cards can be restricted by fuel type, location, time, driver and purchase category, which is how fuel card fraud and misuse are contained.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/corpay/",
          "pageTitle": "Corpay — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_corpay_vertical_specialisation",
          "text": "Corpay is organised entirely around verticals — fuel and fleet, workforce lodging, and corporate cross-border payments — each with purpose-built networks rather than a generic payments product.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/corpay/",
          "pageTitle": "Corpay — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "FLEETCOR",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar",
          "targetName": "B2B, AP & AR Automation",
          "targetId": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_dlocal",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "dLocal",
      "description": "A Nasdaq-listed, Uruguay-founded cross-border payments company that lets global merchants collect from and pay out to consumers in emerging markets through one API and one contract, using local payment methods and local settlement.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_dlocal",
          "text": "dLocal solves one specific problem. A global digital company wants revenue from Brazil, Nigeria, Mexico or Indonesia, and finds that reaching those consumers requires a local legal entity, a local bank account, a local acquiring relationship, local licensing and support for payment methods that exist nowhere else. Multiply by twenty countries and the project stops being a payments integration and becomes a corporate expansion program.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/dlocal/",
          "pageTitle": "dLocal — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_dlocal_card_processing",
          "text": "dLocal acquires international and local-only card transactions in each market it serves, including domestic schemes such as Elo and Hipercard in Brazil that international acquirers cannot reach.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/dlocal/",
          "pageTitle": "dLocal — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_dlocal_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online cross-border collection for global digital merchants selling into emerging markets is dLocal's founding product and the bulk of its total payment volume.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/dlocal/",
          "pageTitle": "dLocal — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_dlocal_recurring_billing",
          "text": "dLocal supports recurring and subscription billing across local payment methods, including card-on-file and local rails, which is why streaming and SaaS merchants are among its largest customer segments.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/dlocal/",
          "pageTitle": "dLocal — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "DLocal Ltd",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/DLocal",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_cross_border",
          "targetName": "Cross-Border & Global Acquiring",
          "targetId": "e_grp_cross_border"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_ebanx",
          "targetName": "EBANX",
          "targetId": "e_ebanx",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_durango_merchant_services",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Durango Merchant Services",
      "description": "A small, long-established Colorado ISO that specialises in placing high-risk, high-volume and international merchants into card-processing accounts, sponsored domestically by Fifth Third Bank, N.A.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_durango-merchant-services",
          "text": "Durango Merchant Services is a six-person independent sales organization operating from a single office in Durango, Colorado, per its Better Business Bureau profile. Its business is taking applications from merchants that mainstream acquirers refuse — supplements and nutraceuticals, multi-level marketing, subscription and continuity billing, telemedicine and online pharmacy, firearms dealers, tobacco and vape, credit repair, dating sites, online liquor, fantasy sports, travel, luxury goods and around a dozen more categories — and placing them with an",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/durango-merchant-services/",
          "pageTitle": "Durango Merchant Services — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_durango-merchant-services_card_processing",
          "text": "Placing merchants into card-acceptance accounts is Durango's entire business, and it discloses that it is a registered ISO for Fifth Third Bank, N.A. for its domestic placements.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/durango-merchant-services/",
          "pageTitle": "Durango Merchant Services — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_durango-merchant-services_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Durango's stated focus is card-not-present e-commerce, integrating to Authorize.Net, NMI, Fluid Pay and iNovio and to 150+ shopping carts including Shopify, BigCommerce, WooCommerce and Salesforce.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/durango-merchant-services/",
          "pageTitle": "Durango Merchant Services — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_durango-merchant-services_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Durango explicitly targets subscription, continuity and membership merchants — a category most mainstream acquirers restrict — using the recurring-billing features of the gateways it resells.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/durango-merchant-services/",
          "pageTitle": "Durango Merchant Services — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Durango Merchant Services LLC",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_high_risk",
          "targetName": "High-Risk Specialists",
          "targetId": "e_grp_high_risk"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_paymentcloud",
          "targetName": "PaymentCloud",
          "targetId": "e_paymentcloud",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_dwolla",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Dwolla",
      "description": "Dwolla is a US bank-payments API that lets software platforms and enterprises move money over ACH, the RTP network and FedNow through a single integration, with the actual transfers performed by partner financial institutions.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_dwolla",
          "text": "Dwolla sells an application programming interface for moving money over United States bank rails. Its customers are software platforms and enterprises — not consumers, not retail merchants — that need to push and pull funds between their users' bank accounts without becoming a regulated money transmitter or building direct integrations with banks themselves.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/dwolla/",
          "pageTitle": "Dwolla — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_dwolla_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "ACH — standard and Same Day, credit and debit — is Dwolla's founding product and remains the centre of its offering.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/dwolla/",
          "pageTitle": "Dwolla — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_dwolla_instant_realtime",
          "text": "Dwolla supports instant payments over both the RTP network and the FedNow Service, and its instant-payments coverage was the specific capability NMI cited when it acquired the company in May 2026.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/dwolla/",
          "pageTitle": "Dwolla — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_dwolla_developer_api",
          "text": "Dwolla is sold as an API-first product with public documentation, SDKs, drop-in components, webhooks and a sandbox, and the API is the entirety of what a customer buys.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/dwolla/",
          "pageTitle": "Dwolla — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Dwolla Inc.",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Dwolla",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_bank_rails",
          "targetName": "Bank Rails & Payment Operations",
          "targetId": "e_grp_bank_rails"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_modern_treasury",
          "targetName": "Modern Treasury",
          "targetId": "e_modern_treasury",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_moov",
          "targetName": "Moov",
          "targetId": "e_moov",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_ebanx",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "EBANX",
      "description": "A Brazil-founded, privately held cross-border payments platform that lets global merchants collect from and pay out to consumers across Latin America, Africa and Asia using local payment methods, through a single integration.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_ebanx",
          "text": "EBANX sits between global digital merchants and consumers in emerging markets. A streaming service, marketplace, SaaS company or games publisher integrates once, and EBANX supplies local payment methods, local processing, local currency handling and settlement in each country — so the merchant never has to establish a local entity, a local bank account or a local acquiring relationship. It runs collections in one direction and local-currency payouts in the other, through the same integration. Local payment methods.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/ebanx/",
          "pageTitle": "EBANX — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_ebanx_card_processing",
          "text": "EBANX processes local and international cards across its markets, including local card instalment plans, and launched network tokenisation for cross-border card transactions in December 2025.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/ebanx/",
          "pageTitle": "EBANX — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_ebanx_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Cross-border online collection for global digital merchants selling into Latin America, Africa and Asia is EBANX's founding and primary product.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/ebanx/",
          "pageTitle": "EBANX — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_ebanx_recurring_billing",
          "text": "EBANX markets a dedicated recurring-payments product with local-currency acceptance and smart retry logic, and reported that recurring Pix was growing at 41% per month six months after its launch.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/ebanx/",
          "pageTitle": "EBANX — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "EBANX Group",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_cross_border",
          "targetName": "Cross-Border & Global Acquiring",
          "targetId": "e_grp_cross_border"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_dlocal",
          "targetName": "dLocal",
          "targetId": "e_dlocal",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_elavon",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Elavon",
      "description": "The merchant acquiring arm of U.S. Bank, processing card payments for merchants in the United States, Canada and Europe under its own brand and on behalf of partner banks.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_elavon",
          "text": "Elavon is the merchant acquiring arm of U.S. Bank. That fact explains most of what is distinctive about it, good and bad. U.S. Bank sponsors the merchant into the card networks; Elavon underwrites and boards the merchant, holds the agreement, settles funds into the designated account and carries the acquiring and chargeback exposure. The acquiring bank and the processor are one corporate group. Sponsorship. Only a member bank can put a merchant into the Visa and Mastercard systems.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/elavon/",
          "pageTitle": "Elavon — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_elavon_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acquiring is Elavon's entire business, and U.S. Bank states it processes more than $576 billion in transactions worldwide annually for more than 1.3 million customers in the United States, Europe and Canada.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/elavon/",
          "pageTitle": "Elavon — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_elavon_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "U.S. Bank states Elavon is the fourth-largest acquirer of card-not-present purchase volume in the United States, and Elavon markets e-commerce acceptance and its own gateway products alongside in-person acceptance.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/elavon/",
          "pageTitle": "Elavon — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_elavon_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Elavon sells in-person acceptance through terminals and through its talech point-of-sale software, and its largest verticals, hotels, restaurants and airlines, are physical-acceptance businesses.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/elavon/",
          "pageTitle": "Elavon — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "NOVA Information Systems",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Elavon",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_acquirer_processor",
          "targetName": "Acquirers & Large Processors",
          "targetId": "e_grp_acquirer_processor"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_fiserv",
          "targetName": "Fiserv",
          "targetId": "e_fiserv",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_global_payments",
          "targetName": "Global Payments",
          "targetId": "e_global_payments",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_chase_payment_solutions",
          "targetName": "Chase Payment Solutions",
          "targetId": "e_chase_payment_solutions",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_finix",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Finix",
      "description": "A full-stack acquirer-processor that sells payments infrastructure to software platforms and PayFacs — and, increasingly, directly to merchants — with direct connections to the card networks rather than a reseller relationship with a legacy processor.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_finix",
          "text": "Finix supplies the machinery of payment acceptance to companies that want to offer payments without building a processor. Founded in San Francisco in 2015 by Richie Serna and Sean Donovan — some trade coverage says 2016 — it employs an estimated 175 to 200 people across San Francisco and Cincinnati, per third-party trackers rather than the company.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/finix/",
          "pageTitle": "Finix — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_finix_card_processing",
          "text": "Finix is a registered acquirer-processor with direct connections to Visa, Mastercard, American Express and Discover, processing and settling on its own infrastructure rather than reselling another processor's platform.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/finix/",
          "pageTitle": "Finix — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_finix_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Finix provides hosted fields, checkout components and a payments API for online card acceptance by platforms, marketplaces and direct merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/finix/",
          "pageTitle": "Finix — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_finix_embedded_payfac",
          "text": "PayFac-as-a-service and embedded payments infrastructure for software platforms is the business Finix was founded to do.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/finix/",
          "pageTitle": "Finix — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Finix Payments",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_payfac_embedded",
          "targetName": "Embedded Payments & PayFac-as-a-Service",
          "targetId": "e_grp_payfac_embedded"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_rainforest",
          "targetName": "Rainforest",
          "targetId": "e_rainforest",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_fis",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "FIS",
      "description": "A Jacksonville-based banking and payments technology company that sells core processing, card issuing and money-movement systems to financial institutions, and which finished exiting merchant acquiring in January 2026 by selling the last of its Worldpay stake.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fis",
          "text": "FIS sells to banks, credit unions, capital markets firms and corporate treasuries. It does not sell card acceptance to merchants, and since January 2026 it does not own anything that does. That is the most important correction this profile can make, because many businesses still believe otherwise &mdash; they signed with \"Worldpay from FIS\" between 2019 and 2024 and reasonably concluded FIS was their payment processor. The company is old and heavily acquired.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/fis/",
          "pageTitle": "FIS — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fis_card_processing",
          "text": "FIS processes cards on the issuing side for banks and credit unions, and expanded that business substantially by acquiring Global Payments' Issuer Solutions unit, which it said processes more than 40 billion transactions a year for over 150 financial institutions and corporates.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/fis/",
          "pageTitle": "FIS — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fis_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "FIS operates electronic bill payment, banking payments and cheque clearing at scale for financial institutions, making bank-rail money movement one of its central businesses.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/fis/",
          "pageTitle": "FIS — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fis_instant_realtime",
          "text": "FIS provides its financial-institution clients with connectivity to real-time payment rails and operates the money-movement infrastructure through which those payments reach bank accounts.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/fis/",
          "pageTitle": "FIS — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Fidelity National Information Services",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FIS_(company)",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_issuer_core_banking",
          "targetName": "Issuer Processing & Core Banking",
          "targetId": "e_grp_issuer_core_banking"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_fiserv",
          "targetName": "Fiserv",
          "targetId": "e_fiserv",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_fiserv",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Fiserv",
      "description": "One of the largest US merchant acquirers and bank core-processing companies, which since buying First Data in 2019 both acquires card payments for merchants and runs the account systems of thousands of banks and credit unions.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fiserv",
          "text": "Fiserv is two large businesses inside one shell. One takes card payments for merchants. The other runs the account systems of banks and credit unions. They were separate companies until 2019, when Fiserv &mdash; a Milwaukee bank technology firm founded in 1984 &mdash; bought First Data Corporation in a stock deal widely reported at about $22 billion, acquiring one of the largest merchant books in the United States and the Clover point-of-sale platform. It now reports two segments, Merchant Solutions and Financial Solutions. Merchant acquirer.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/fiserv/",
          "pageTitle": "Fiserv — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fiserv_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acquiring is Fiserv's largest business: its Merchant Solutions segment sits alongside Financial Solutions in the two segments the company reports, and the merchant book it acquired with First Data in 2019 is one of the largest in the United States.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/fiserv/",
          "pageTitle": "Fiserv — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fiserv_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Fiserv processes card-not-present e-commerce through its Commerce Hub and Carat platforms and through the gateways it inherited from First Data, and offers Clover-branded online ordering and e-commerce for small merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/fiserv/",
          "pageTitle": "Fiserv — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fiserv_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Clover is Fiserv's flagship in-person point-of-sale line, sold as a family of countertop, handheld and mobile devices with an app marketplace, and it is the product Fiserv leads with for small and mid-sized businesses.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/fiserv/",
          "pageTitle": "Fiserv — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "First Data",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Fiserv",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_acquirer_processor",
          "targetName": "Acquirers & Large Processors",
          "targetId": "e_grp_acquirer_processor"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_toast",
          "targetName": "Toast",
          "targetId": "e_toast",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_global_payments",
          "targetName": "Global Payments",
          "targetId": "e_global_payments",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_forter",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Forter",
      "description": "A fraud prevention and identity decisioning platform that returns an instant approve-or-decline on e-commerce transactions, account signups and logins, and takes on chargeback liability for fraud on the transactions it approves.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_forter",
          "text": "Forter is a decision, not a payment. It sits in the checkout and account flows of an online merchant and returns a real-time verdict — approve or decline — on a transaction, a new account signup, a login, a return or a promotion redemption. The merchant's own acquirer and payment service provider then process the payment as normal. Forter does not acquire, does not settle, does not hold merchant funds and does not appear anywhere in the money flow. What makes the decision unusual is the data behind it.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/forter/",
          "pageTitle": "Forter — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_forter_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online commerce is the only environment Forter serves, and it decisions transactions across cards, wallets, buy now pay later, ACH, gift cards and alternative payment methods.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/forter/",
          "pageTitle": "Forter — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_forter_fraud_risk_tooling",
          "text": "Real-time fraud, abuse, account takeover and identity decisioning is Forter's entire product, backed by a network the company describes as spanning over two billion identities and more than 250,000 storefronts.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/forter/",
          "pageTitle": "Forter — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_forter_developer_api",
          "text": "Forter is delivered as an API called in the merchant's checkout and account flows, with SDKs and PSP-level integration through Forter Element.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/forter/",
          "pageTitle": "Forter — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Forter Ltd.",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Forter",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_fraud_risk",
          "targetName": "Fraud & Risk",
          "targetId": "e_grp_fraud_risk"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_global_payments",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Global Payments",
      "description": "An Atlanta-based merchant acquirer that became a pure-play merchant payments company in January 2026, when it acquired Worldpay and simultaneously sold its card-issuing processing business to FIS.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_global-payments",
          "text": "Global Payments is a merchant acquirer, and since January 2026 it is only a merchant acquirer. That is a recent and deliberate change. Until then the Atlanta company had two halves: a merchant business that took card payments for restaurants, retailers, schools and clinics, and an Issuer Solutions business, inherited from the 2019 TSYS merger, that processed cards on behalf of the banks that issue them. In January 2026 it sold the second half to FIS and used the proceeds to buy Worldpay. What is left is one operating segment. Acquiring versus issuing.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/global-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Global Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_global-payments_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acquiring is Global Payments' entire business after January 2026: it sold its Issuer Solutions card-issuing processor to FIS on the same day it closed the Worldpay purchase, leaving merchant acquiring as its only reported operating segment.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/global-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Global Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_global-payments_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Global Payments acquired Worldpay in January 2026 specifically to add enterprise and cross-border e-commerce acquiring, a capability its legacy business was weaker in relative to its point-of-sale franchise.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/global-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Global Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_global-payments_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Genius is Global Payments' unified point-of-sale platform, rolled out through 2025 and 2026 across restaurant, retail, enterprise and mobile configurations, and it is the product the company is standardising its merchant base onto.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/global-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Global Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "GPN",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Global_Payments",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_acquirer_processor",
          "targetName": "Acquirers & Large Processors",
          "targetId": "e_grp_acquirer_processor"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_fiserv",
          "targetName": "Fiserv",
          "targetId": "e_fiserv",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_gocardless",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "GoCardless",
      "description": "GoCardless is a bank payments company that specialises in pulling money directly from customers' bank accounts — direct debit schemes such as Bacs, SEPA, ACH, BECS and PAD, plus open-banking-initiated instant bank payments — for recurring and invoice collection.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_gocardless",
          "text": "GoCardless collects money by pulling it out of the payer's bank account rather than charging a card. A business sets up a mandate — the payer's standing authorization to be debited — and then collects on schedule through GoCardless's API, its dashboard, or an integration with accounting and billing software such as Xero, QuickBooks, Zuora and Salesforce.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/gocardless/",
          "pageTitle": "GoCardless — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_gocardless_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Recurring and subscription collection by bank debit is GoCardless's founding and primary product, with mandate management, retries and schedule handling built in.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/gocardless/",
          "pageTitle": "GoCardless — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_gocardless_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "Bank debit is the whole company — Bacs, SEPA Direct Debit, ACH, BECS, PAD and Nordic schemes are all first-class products rather than an add-on rail.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/gocardless/",
          "pageTitle": "GoCardless — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_gocardless_developer_api",
          "text": "GoCardless publishes a documented REST API with client libraries, a sandbox and webhooks, and the API is how most platform and SaaS customers integrate it.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/gocardless/",
          "pageTitle": "GoCardless — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "GoCardless Ltd",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/GoCardless",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_bank_rails",
          "targetName": "Bank Rails & Payment Operations",
          "targetId": "e_grp_bank_rails"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_gravity_payments",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Gravity Payments",
      "description": "A Seattle-based independent merchant services provider selling card processing, terminals and working capital to US small businesses, best known outside the industry for setting a $70,000 company minimum salary in 2015.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_gravity-payments",
          "text": "Gravity Payments is an independent merchant services provider selling card processing to US small businesses. It was founded in February 2004 by brothers Dan and Lucas Price, Dan having started the business while still in college, and is headquartered in the Ballard neighborhood of Seattle, with offices in Honolulu since 2007 and Boise since 2017. Wikipedia puts headcount around 240; the company's own site cited 200-plus in late 2019, and no current figure is published.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/gravity-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Gravity Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_gravity-payments_card_processing",
          "text": "Credit and debit card acceptance for US small businesses is Gravity Payments' primary business, provided as an ISO under a sponsoring member bank rather than as a licensed acquirer in its own right.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/gravity-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Gravity Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_gravity-payments_in_person_pos",
          "text": "In-person acceptance is Gravity's core channel, sold through third-party terminal hardware including Clover and PAX devices.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/gravity-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Gravity Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Gravity",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Gravity_Payments",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_smb_merchant_services",
          "targetName": "SMB Merchant Services",
          "targetId": "e_grp_smb_merchant_services"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_helcim",
          "targetName": "Helcim",
          "targetId": "e_helcim",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_square",
          "targetName": "Square",
          "targetId": "e_square",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stax_payments",
          "targetName": "Stax Payments",
          "targetId": "e_stax_payments",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_heartland",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Heartland",
      "description": "A US merchant acquirer and point-of-sale provider founded in 1997, acquired by Global Payments in 2016 and, as of July 2026, being folded into the Global Payments brand.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_heartland",
          "text": "Heartland is a merchant acquirer and point-of-sale vendor selling card acceptance, terminals and business software to small and mid-sized US businesses. It is not an independent company. Global Payments Inc. (NYSE: GPN) acquired Heartland Payment Systems in 2016 in a deal widely reported at around US$4.3 billion, and has owned it outright ever since. The distinction matters more in 2026 than it did in 2017, because the brand is on its way out.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/heartland/",
          "pageTitle": "Heartland — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_heartland_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acquiring and processing is Heartland's primary business and the reason the brand exists, covering credit, debit, EMV chip and gift cards for US merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/heartland/",
          "pageTitle": "Heartland — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_heartland_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Heartland sells its own restaurant and retail point-of-sale systems, mobile POS and countertop terminals, and card-present commerce is the centre of its product line.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/heartland/",
          "pageTitle": "Heartland — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_heartland_vertical_specialisation",
          "text": "Heartland has purpose-built products for restaurants, retail and K-12 school nutrition, with school food-service payments a genuine specialism few general acquirers offer.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/heartland/",
          "pageTitle": "Heartland — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Heartland Payment Systems",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Heartland_Payment_Systems",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_acquirer_processor",
          "targetName": "Acquirers & Large Processors",
          "targetId": "e_grp_acquirer_processor"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_toast",
          "targetName": "Toast",
          "targetId": "e_toast",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_helcim",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Helcim",
      "description": "A Calgary-based merchant services provider for small and mid-sized businesses in Canada and the United States that publishes its interchange-plus margins openly and applies volume discounts automatically.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_helcim",
          "text": "Helcim is a merchant services provider that sells card acceptance plus a bundle of small-business software to merchants in the United States and Canada. It was founded in Calgary in 2006 by Nic Beique and stayed bootstrapped for roughly its first fifteen years. Its distinguishing characteristic is not a technology claim: it is that Helcim publishes its own margin. Almost no merchant services provider does this. The industry standard is to quote on application, which means a buyer cannot compare providers without entering a sales process with each one.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/helcim/",
          "pageTitle": "Helcim — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_helcim_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acceptance on a true merchant account with published interchange-plus pricing is Helcim's core product, and the company built its own processing, settlement and card network connectivity rather than reselling another processor's stack.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/helcim/",
          "pageTitle": "Helcim — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_helcim_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Helcim sells its own Smart Terminal and card reader alongside a point-of-sale application, and hardware is purchased outright rather than leased.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/helcim/",
          "pageTitle": "Helcim — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_helcim_payment_links_invoicing",
          "text": "Online invoicing and payment links are built into every Helcim account at no additional software fee, which is one of the main reasons small merchants choose it over a bare merchant account.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/helcim/",
          "pageTitle": "Helcim — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Helcim Payment Processing",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_smb_merchant_services",
          "targetName": "SMB Merchant Services",
          "targetId": "e_grp_smb_merchant_services"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_square",
          "targetName": "Square",
          "targetId": "e_square",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stax_payments",
          "targetName": "Stax Payments",
          "targetId": "e_stax_payments",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_invoicecloud",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "InvoiceCloud",
      "description": "An electronic bill presentment and payment platform for utilities, local government, county tax offices and insurers, sold as a hosted service that replaces the biller's own payment portal and posts results back into its billing system.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_invoicecloud",
          "text": "InvoiceCloud has two audiences and only one of them chose it. The customer is a biller — a water utility, a city, a county tax office, an insurer — buying a hosted platform to replace its own payment portal. The user is the resident who lands on an InvoiceCloud page because their municipality printed a link on a paper bill. Most people who meet the brand are in the second group, which is why it is at once one of the more widely used payment platforms in the country and one of the least written about. Electronic bill presentment and payment (EBPP).",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/invoicecloud/",
          "pageTitle": "InvoiceCloud — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_invoicecloud_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acceptance for bill payment is InvoiceCloud's central function, delivered under PCI DSS Level 1 with tokenisation across web, mobile, IVR and kiosk channels.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/invoicecloud/",
          "pageTitle": "InvoiceCloud — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_invoicecloud_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "InvoiceCloud accepts Apple Pay, Google Pay, PayPal and Venmo and reports that mobile tops payer channel preferences with pay-by-text growing fivefold.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/invoicecloud/",
          "pageTitle": "InvoiceCloud — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_invoicecloud_recurring_billing",
          "text": "AutoPay enrolment, scheduled payments and payment reminders are central to InvoiceCloud's adoption model, with customer case studies citing autopay enrolment increases averaging 147%.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/invoicecloud/",
          "pageTitle": "InvoiceCloud — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Invoice Cloud",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_bill_pay_ebpp",
          "targetName": "Bill Payment & EBPP",
          "targetId": "e_grp_bill_pay_ebpp"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_paymentus",
          "targetName": "Paymentus",
          "targetId": "e_paymentus",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_klarna",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Klarna",
      "description": "A Swedish-founded, NYSE-listed digital bank and buy-now-pay-later provider that offers pay-now, pay-later and longer financing at checkout in 26 markets, and — unusually for BNPL — funds most of its lending from its own retail deposits rather than from capital markets.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_klarna",
          "text": "Klarna is a bank that presents itself as a payment method. At a merchant's checkout it offers a shopper one of three things: Pay Now, which settles immediately; Pay Later, interest-free instalments; or Fair Financing, a longer-term consumer loan. Klarna underwrites the consumer, takes the credit risk, pays the merchant and charges the merchant a fee for the conversion.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/klarna/",
          "pageTitle": "Klarna — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_klarna_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online checkout is Klarna's primary surface — it processed US$33.7 billion of GMV in Q1 2026 across more than one million merchants and 119 million active consumers.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/klarna/",
          "pageTitle": "Klarna — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_klarna_fraud_risk_tooling",
          "text": "Underwriting and credit risk management is Klarna's central competence — its provision for credit losses ran at 0.55% of GMV in Q1 2026, and it reports US credit losses falling from about 3.6% of GMV in 2021 to about 0.63% in 2025.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/klarna/",
          "pageTitle": "Klarna — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Klarna Bank AB (publ)",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Klarna",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_bnpl",
          "targetName": "Buy Now, Pay Later",
          "targetId": "e_grp_bnpl"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_affirm",
          "targetName": "Affirm",
          "targetId": "e_affirm",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_mastercard",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Mastercard",
      "description": "Mastercard is a global card network that operates the Banknet switching system, writes the rules for Mastercard-branded cards and sets their default interchange rates — it does not issue cards, lend money, or hold merchant accounts.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_mastercard",
          "text": "Mastercard is a network, not a processor and not a bank. It issues no cards, extends no credit, underwrites no merchants and holds no merchant funds. What it operates is Banknet — the switching system that carries authorization messages — plus the clearing and settlement layer that moves money between the bank that issued the card and the bank that signed up the merchant. Structurally it is the same four-party model Visa uses, and for most merchant purposes the two are interchangeable. Four-party model.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/mastercard/",
          "pageTitle": "Mastercard — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_mastercard_card_processing",
          "text": "Mastercard operates Banknet, the switching network that authorises, clears and settles Mastercard card transactions between issuing and acquiring banks, without itself signing merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/mastercard/",
          "pageTitle": "Mastercard — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_mastercard_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "The Mastercard Digital Enablement Service issues the network tokens that let Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay represent a Mastercard on a device.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/mastercard/",
          "pageTitle": "Mastercard — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_mastercard_instant_realtime",
          "text": "Mastercard owns Vocalink, the technology operator behind the UK Faster Payments Service, and sells instant-payment infrastructure and Mastercard Move push payments across multiple markets.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/mastercard/",
          "pageTitle": "Mastercard — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Mastercard Inc.",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Mastercard",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_network_rail",
          "targetName": "Card Networks & Clearing",
          "targetId": "e_grp_network_rail"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_visa",
          "targetName": "Visa",
          "targetId": "e_visa",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_melio",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Melio",
      "description": "A US small-business bill payment platform, now owned by accounting software company Xero, whose central trick is letting a business pay any vendor by card even when the vendor does not accept cards — the vendor receives an ACH transfer or a paper cheque.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_melio",
          "text": "Melio decouples how a small business pays from how its vendor gets paid. The payer funds a bill from a bank account or from a credit or debit card. The vendor receives an ACH transfer or a mailed paper check — without accepting cards, and without needing a Melio account at all. That single decoupling is the product, and it is where most of Melio's revenue comes from. Everything else follows from it.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/melio/",
          "pageTitle": "Melio — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_melio_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "ACH is Melio's default rail and is free up to a monthly allowance on its free tier, which is the basis of its freemium model.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/melio/",
          "pageTitle": "Melio — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_melio_embedded_payfac",
          "text": "Melio's largest distribution is embedded — its bill pay runs inside Intuit QuickBooks, Capital One, Shopify, Xero, Fiserv and Gusto products under those partners' brands.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/melio/",
          "pageTitle": "Melio — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_melio_fee_transparency",
          "text": "Melio publishes a complete per-transaction fee table covering ACH, card funding, cheque delivery speeds, instant transfers and international payments alongside its subscription tiers.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/melio/",
          "pageTitle": "Melio — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Melio Payments",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar",
          "targetName": "B2B, AP & AR Automation",
          "targetId": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_bill",
          "targetName": "BILL",
          "targetId": "e_bill",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_modern_treasury",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Modern Treasury",
      "description": "A payment operations company that gives businesses one API for moving money over bank rails — ACH, wires, RTP, FedNow, checks and stablecoins — either on top of the customer's own bank accounts or, more recently, through Modern Treasury's own payment service provider stack.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_modern-treasury",
          "text": "Modern Treasury sells the software that surrounds a bank account. In the model it was built on, the customer keeps its own accounts at its own banks and Modern Treasury supplies the connectivity into them, the interface for initiating payments, the approval workflow governing who can release money, a double-entry ledger, and automated reconciliation matching what the bank reports against what the business expected. The bank holds the money. Modern Treasury holds the record of it. Payment operations.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/modern-treasury/",
          "pageTitle": "Modern Treasury — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_modern-treasury_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "ACH and same-day ACH origination, including debits, credits, return handling and automated reconciliation, is one of Modern Treasury's founding capabilities.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/modern-treasury/",
          "pageTitle": "Modern Treasury — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_modern-treasury_instant_realtime",
          "text": "Modern Treasury supports RTP and completed FedNow Service certification in July 2026 for credit transfers and Request for Payment, and reported that 73% of volume through its PSP in May 2026 moved over real-time rails.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/modern-treasury/",
          "pageTitle": "Modern Treasury — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_modern-treasury_orchestration",
          "text": "A single API and operations layer spanning multiple banks and multiple payment rails is Modern Treasury's central proposition.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/modern-treasury/",
          "pageTitle": "Modern Treasury — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Modern Treasury Corp",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_bank_rails",
          "targetName": "Bank Rails & Payment Operations",
          "targetId": "e_grp_bank_rails"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_dwolla",
          "targetName": "Dwolla",
          "targetId": "e_dwolla",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_moov",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Moov",
      "description": "A US payments platform that lets software companies embed money movement — card acceptance, ACH, instant payments, stored-value wallets and virtual card issuing — through a single API.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_moov",
          "text": "Moov sells money movement as a software component. Its customers are not merchants; they are software companies. Vertical SaaS vendors, loan servicers, construction platforms and credit union core providers integrate one API and a set of drop-in interface components Moov calls Drops, and get card acceptance, ACH, real-time transfers, stored-value wallets and virtual card issuing on a single ledger. The commercially interesting part is not the API.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/moov/",
          "pageTitle": "Moov — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_moov_card_processing",
          "text": "Moov provides card acceptance as a core product, sponsored into Visa, Mastercard and Discover by Pathward, National Association and Lincoln Savings Bank under its published Merchant Processing Services Terms.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/moov/",
          "pageTitle": "Moov — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_moov_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Moov's card and bank acceptance is delivered through an API and embeddable 'Drops' UI components designed for online and in-app checkout.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/moov/",
          "pageTitle": "Moov — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_moov_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "ACH, including same-day ACH, is a founding capability of Moov, which grew out of Wade Arnold's open-source ACH and NACHA file libraries.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/moov/",
          "pageTitle": "Moov — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Moov Financial",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_payfac_embedded",
          "targetName": "Embedded Payments & PayFac-as-a-Service",
          "targetId": "e_grp_payfac_embedded"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_finix",
          "targetName": "Finix",
          "targetId": "e_finix",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_nmi",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "NMI",
      "description": "A white-label payment gateway and embedded-payments platform sold to ISOs, ISVs, banks and payment facilitators rather than to merchants directly.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_nmi",
          "text": "NMI sells the plumbing, not the merchant account, and it does not sell to merchants at all. Its own page for independent sales organizations states plainly that it does not recruit merchants directly. Its customers are ISOs, independent software vendors, banks and payment facilitators, who resell the NMI gateway under their own brand, set their own prices and own the merchant relationship end to end. The practical consequence is that most businesses running on NMI have never heard the name.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/nmi/",
          "pageTitle": "NMI — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_nmi_card_processing",
          "text": "NMI's gateway authorises and routes card transactions to more than 150 acquiring processor connections, which is the core of its product and its main structural advantage over single-acquirer gateways.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/nmi/",
          "pageTitle": "NMI — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_nmi_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "NMI provides hosted payment pages, Collect.js client-side tokenisation and a large library of shopping-cart integrations for online acceptance under a partner's brand.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/nmi/",
          "pageTitle": "NMI — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_nmi_in_person_pos",
          "text": "NMI supports card-present acceptance through a large certified device estate, semi-integrated terminals and P2PE, strengthened by its acquisition of Creditcall's device certification capability.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/nmi/",
          "pageTitle": "NMI — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Network Merchants",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_gateway",
          "targetName": "Payment Gateways",
          "targetId": "e_grp_gateway"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_authorize_net",
          "targetName": "Authorize.net",
          "targetId": "e_authorize_net",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_north_american_bancard",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "North",
      "description": "A privately held, founder-owned US merchant acquirer built by acquisition, founded in 1992 as North American Bancard and rebranded to North in 2024.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_north-american-bancard",
          "text": "North is a non-bank merchant acquirer headquartered in Troy, Michigan. It was founded in 1992 as North American Bancard by Marc Gardner, who still owns and controls it, and it rebranded to North in 2024. The legal entity North American Bancard, LLC still exists, and the company's site footer also names NorthAB, LLC. The most important thing to understand about North is that it is a roll-up. It did not build one platform and grow it; it bought processors, gateways and point-of-sale companies over three decades and put a single brand on top of them.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/north-american-bancard/",
          "pageTitle": "North — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_north-american-bancard_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acquiring is North's primary business, and the company states it processes more than US$100 billion in transactions annually and describes itself as a top-ten non-bank merchant acquirer.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/north-american-bancard/",
          "pageTitle": "North — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_north-american-bancard_in_person_pos",
          "text": "North sells its own terminals, point-of-sale systems and back-office tools for restaurants and retailers, and card-present commerce is central to its business.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/north-american-bancard/",
          "pageTitle": "North — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_north-american-bancard_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "North supports contactless and mobile acceptance including Tap to Pay on iPhone, and its Payanywhere product was one of the earlier US mobile card-acceptance offerings, launched in 2011.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/north-american-bancard/",
          "pageTitle": "North — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "North American Bancard",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/North_(payment_processing_company)",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_acquirer_processor",
          "targetName": "Acquirers & Large Processors",
          "targetId": "e_grp_acquirer_processor"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_global_payments",
          "targetName": "Global Payments",
          "targetId": "e_global_payments",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_nuvei",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Nuvei",
      "description": "A Montreal-headquartered global payment platform combining its own acquiring licences, gateway, alternative payment methods and payouts, taken private by Advent International in 2024.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_nuvei",
          "text": "Nuvei is a merchant acquirer and payments platform headquartered in Montreal. Founded in 2003 by Philip Fayer as Pivotal Payments, it is not a gateway reselling somebody else's acquiring, and it is not an aggregator. It holds acquiring licences of its own, owns its gateway, and takes the merchant relationship directly.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/nuvei/",
          "pageTitle": "Nuvei — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_nuvei_card_processing",
          "text": "Nuvei is a direct card acquirer with its own local acquiring licences in 52 markets, rather than a reseller sitting on another acquirer's licences.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/nuvei/",
          "pageTitle": "Nuvei — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_nuvei_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online card-not-present acceptance is Nuvei's primary business and the origin of its SafeCharge platform, which it acquired in 2019.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/nuvei/",
          "pageTitle": "Nuvei — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_nuvei_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "Nuvei supports 150 currencies with local acquiring in 52 markets, and its agreed US$2.75 billion acquisition of Payoneer announced in June 2026 is explicitly a bet on cross-border commerce.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/nuvei/",
          "pageTitle": "Nuvei — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Pivotal Payments",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Nuvei",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
          "targetName": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
          "targetId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_worldpay",
          "targetName": "Worldpay",
          "targetId": "e_worldpay",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_checkout_com",
          "targetName": "Checkout.com",
          "targetId": "e_checkout_com",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_paddle",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Paddle",
      "description": "A merchant of record for software and digital products: Paddle buys and resells the vendor's product, so it — not the vendor — is the legal seller, the name on the customer's card statement, and the party registered for sales tax and VAT worldwide.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paddle",
          "text": "Paddle is a merchant of record for software and digital products. Be blunt about the mechanics first: when a customer buys a vendor's software through Paddle, the customer is not buying from the vendor. The customer is buying from Paddle. Paddle contracts with the buyer, takes the payment, issues the invoice and appears on the card statement. Merchant of record.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paddle/",
          "pageTitle": "Paddle — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paddle_card_processing",
          "text": "Paddle accepts card payments as the merchant of record, meaning the card transaction belongs to Paddle rather than to the software vendor whose product is being sold.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paddle/",
          "pageTitle": "Paddle — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paddle_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Paddle's entire product is an online checkout for digital goods, with localised currency, language and payment-method presentation across the markets it sells into.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paddle/",
          "pageTitle": "Paddle — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paddle_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Subscription management — plans, trials, upgrades, proration and dunning — is a first-class Paddle product alongside its one-off checkout.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paddle/",
          "pageTitle": "Paddle — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Paddle.com",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_billing_subscription",
          "targetName": "Subscription Billing & Merchant of Record",
          "targetId": "e_grp_billing_subscription"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_pagos",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Pagos",
      "description": "A payments intelligence company whose software reads data from a merchant's existing processors and gateways to monitor, benchmark and optimise payment performance — it does not process, route or hold money.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_pagos",
          "text": "Pagos is a measurement company. It connects to the processors and gateways a merchant already uses, normalizes the data those systems emit into one comparable dataset, enriches it with its own card-BIN database, and reports on what is happening: approval rates, declines and their reasons, retry outcomes, fees, interchange, and how it all compares against benchmarks. It is not in the payment.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/pagos/",
          "pageTitle": "Pagos — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_pagos_developer_api",
          "text": "Pagos is API-first, offering a Data Ingestion API, an Enrichment API, BIN and account-updater APIs, data-warehouse export, and an MCP server for programmatic and AI-agent access.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/pagos/",
          "pageTitle": "Pagos — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_pagos_fee_transparency",
          "text": "Pagos publishes its subscription tiers and per-unit add-on pricing on a public pricing page, with only enterprise and very high volume pricing gated behind sales.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/pagos/",
          "pageTitle": "Pagos — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Pagos Solutions",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_orchestration",
          "targetName": "Orchestration & Payment Intelligence",
          "targetId": "e_grp_orchestration"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_spreedly",
          "targetName": "Spreedly",
          "targetId": "e_spreedly",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_paymentcloud",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "PaymentCloud",
      "description": "A US merchant-account sales organisation that specialises in high-risk and hard-to-place businesses, placing them with third-party acquiring banks and gateways rather than acquiring or underwriting the merchants itself.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paymentcloud",
          "text": "PaymentCloud sells merchant accounts to businesses that mainstream acquirers decline. Its published industry list runs to adult, CBD and hemp, nutraceuticals, firearms dealers, online pharmacy, debt consolidation and credit repair, dropshipping, subscription and continuity billing, bail bonds, tech support, alcohol, travel and timeshare. That list is the product. Everything else — gateways, terminals, chargeback advice — is resold from someone else. It is not a payment processor in the sense most buyers mean, and read closely it does not claim to be.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paymentcloud/",
          "pageTitle": "PaymentCloud — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paymentcloud_card_processing",
          "text": "Placing merchants into card-acceptance accounts is PaymentCloud's entire business, though the account itself is issued and underwritten by a third-party acquiring bank that PaymentCloud does not name publicly.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paymentcloud/",
          "pageTitle": "PaymentCloud — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paymentcloud_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "PaymentCloud markets e-commerce acceptance with hosted gateways, shopping-cart plug-ins and over 100 platform integrations, and is a listed Authorize.Net reseller.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paymentcloud/",
          "pageTitle": "PaymentCloud — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paymentcloud_high_risk",
          "text": "High-risk and hard-to-place merchant categories are PaymentCloud's stated specialism, with a published list covering adult, CBD, nutraceuticals, firearms, online pharmacy, debt consolidation, dropshipping, subscriptions, travel and timeshare.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paymentcloud/",
          "pageTitle": "PaymentCloud — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "PaymentCloud Inc.",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_high_risk",
          "targetName": "High-Risk Specialists",
          "targetId": "e_grp_high_risk"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_durango_merchant_services",
          "targetName": "Durango Merchant Services",
          "targetId": "e_durango_merchant_services",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_paymentus",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Paymentus",
      "description": "A NYSE-listed electronic bill presentment and payment (EBPP) platform that runs the bill-payment layer for utilities, municipalities, insurers, telecoms and financial institutions, and connects those billers to consumer channels such as PayPal and Walmart through its Instant Payment Network.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paymentus",
          "text": "Paymentus is the software and payment layer that sits between an organisation that sends bills and the customers who pay them. Utilities, municipalities, insurers, telecoms, banks and property managers integrate it, and Paymentus then presents the bill and collects the money across every channel the biller wants — web, mobile app, text, email, interactive voice response, call-centre agent, kiosk, walk-in cash and printed paper.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paymentus/",
          "pageTitle": "Paymentus — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paymentus_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acceptance is central to Paymentus's product, but it is delivered through third-party payment processors and sponsor banks rather than by Paymentus acquiring directly, and card interchange and network costs sit in Paymentus's cost of revenue.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paymentus/",
          "pageTitle": "Paymentus — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paymentus_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Scheduled and automatic recurring bill payment is a standard part of an EBPP platform and is core to Paymentus's utility, insurance and telecom business.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paymentus/",
          "pageTitle": "Paymentus — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paymentus_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "ACH and eCheck are primary payment types on the Paymentus platform and are typically the lowest-cost rail for a biller collecting recurring bills.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paymentus/",
          "pageTitle": "Paymentus — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Paymentus Corporation",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_bill_pay_ebpp",
          "targetName": "Bill Payment & EBPP",
          "targetId": "e_grp_bill_pay_ebpp"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_payoneer",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Payoneer",
      "description": "A NASDAQ-listed cross-border payments company that gives freelancers, marketplace sellers and small exporters a multi-currency account for receiving payouts, with cards, B2B payments, working capital and a merchant checkout layered on top.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payoneer",
          "text": "Payoneer sits between the world's large marketplaces and the small businesses that sell on or through them. Founded in New York in 2005 by Yuval Tal with roughly $2m of seed funding, it trades on NASDAQ as PAYO under the legal name Payoneer Global Inc., with offices including Petah Tikva, London, Seoul, Munich, Hong Kong and Manila. The core product is a receiving account, not a merchant account. A seller or freelancer opens a Payoneer account and is issued local account details in several currencies.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/payoneer/",
          "pageTitle": "Payoneer — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payoneer_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "Cross-border receiving and currency conversion is Payoneer's core product and its principal source of revenue.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/payoneer/",
          "pageTitle": "Payoneer — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payoneer_payment_links_invoicing",
          "text": "Payoneer's request-a-payment and invoicing tools are a headline feature for freelancers and agencies billing overseas clients directly.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/payoneer/",
          "pageTitle": "Payoneer — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payoneer_vertical_specialisation",
          "text": "Payoneer is purpose-built for the cross-border gig, freelance and marketplace-seller economy, which is the segment it reports on as its active ideal customer profile.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/payoneer/",
          "pageTitle": "Payoneer — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Payoneer Inc.",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payoneer",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_cross_border",
          "targetName": "Cross-Border & Global Acquiring",
          "targetId": "e_grp_cross_border"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_airwallex",
          "targetName": "Airwallex",
          "targetId": "e_airwallex",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_paypal",
          "targetName": "PayPal",
          "targetId": "e_paypal",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_paypal",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "PayPal",
      "description": "A listed payments group that runs both a consumer wallet with hundreds of millions of accounts and a merchant-acquiring business, plus the Venmo, Braintree, Zettle, Xoom and Hyperwallet brands.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paypal",
          "text": "PayPal is two businesses wearing one brand, and confusing them is the most common mistake merchants make when evaluating it. The first is a consumer wallet: 439 million active accounts at the end of 2025, holding balances, linked bank accounts and linked cards across approximately 200 markets. The second is a merchant-acquiring business that accepts payment from that wallet and also processes ordinary card transactions. The wallet is why the merchant business exists.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paypal/",
          "pageTitle": "PayPal — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paypal_card_processing",
          "text": "PayPal accepts Visa, Mastercard, American Express and Discover card payments both inside the PayPal wallet and as direct card acceptance through its Advanced Checkout and Braintree products.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paypal/",
          "pageTitle": "PayPal — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paypal_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Online checkout is PayPal's central business, delivered through hosted checkout buttons, the JavaScript SDK, plugins for major e-commerce platforms, and Braintree's full-stack integration.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paypal/",
          "pageTitle": "PayPal — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paypal_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "PayPal supports payments across roughly 200 markets in many currencies and applies its own currency conversion, and it operates Xoom for consumer remittance and Hyperwallet for cross-border mass payouts.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paypal/",
          "pageTitle": "PayPal — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "PayPal Holdings",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/PayPal",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
          "targetName": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
          "targetId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_payrix",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Payrix",
      "description": "An embedded payments and PayFac-as-a-service platform for vertical software companies, founded in 2015, acquired by FIS in 2022, folded into the Worldpay for Platforms brand in 2025, and now part of Global Payments.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payrix",
          "text": "Payrix gives software platforms the infrastructure to embed payments inside their own product: sub-merchant onboarding, automated underwriting, card and ACH processing, split funding, payouts, chargeback handling, billing and portfolio reporting, all through an API. It was founded in 2015 — Benny Silberstein was a co-founder and served as chief strategy officer — and it sells to software companies, never directly to individual merchants. The name is the first thing to get straight.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/payrix/",
          "pageTitle": "Payrix — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payrix_card_processing",
          "text": "Payrix provides card acquiring for platform sub-merchants under its payment facilitator registration, settling through Worldpay's acquiring infrastructure.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/payrix/",
          "pageTitle": "Payrix — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payrix_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Payrix provides hosted fields, tokenisation and payment APIs for online card acceptance embedded inside software platforms.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/payrix/",
          "pageTitle": "Payrix — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payrix_embedded_payfac",
          "text": "Embedded payments and PayFac-as-a-service for software platforms is the entirety of the Payrix product, offered as Payrix Pro for unregistered platforms and Payrix Premium for registered payment facilitators.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/payrix/",
          "pageTitle": "Payrix — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Worldpay for Platforms",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_payfac_embedded",
          "targetName": "Embedded Payments & PayFac-as-a-Service",
          "targetId": "e_grp_payfac_embedded"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_finix",
          "targetName": "Finix",
          "targetId": "e_finix",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_rainforest",
          "targetName": "Rainforest",
          "targetId": "e_rainforest",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_paysafe",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Paysafe",
      "description": "A NYSE-listed payments group that pairs merchant acquiring for iGaming and digital entertainment with consumer digital wallets (Skrill, Neteller) and the paysafecard eCash network.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paysafe",
          "text": "Paysafe is two businesses in one listed company, and understanding the pair is the whole point. Merchant Solutions is a merchant acquirer and processor. It holds the merchant relationship, underwrites, and settles funds, with its book concentrated in iGaming, sports betting, video gaming, travel and retail. It reported US$904.7 million of revenue in 2025, making it the larger of the two segments. Digital Wallets is consumer-facing.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paysafe/",
          "pageTitle": "Paysafe — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paysafe_card_processing",
          "text": "Merchant Solutions, Paysafe's card acquiring and processing business, generated US$904.7 million of revenue in 2025 and is the larger of the group's two segments.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paysafe/",
          "pageTitle": "Paysafe — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paysafe_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Paysafe's acquiring business is overwhelmingly card-not-present, serving online gaming, digital content and e-commerce merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paysafe/",
          "pageTitle": "Paysafe — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_paysafe_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "Skrill and Neteller are built around cross-border money movement in multiple currencies, and cross-border wallet transfers are a defining feature of the Digital Wallets segment that generated US$814.7 million of revenue in 2025.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/paysafe/",
          "pageTitle": "Paysafe — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Paysafe Group",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Paysafe",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
          "targetName": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
          "targetId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_nuvei",
          "targetName": "Nuvei",
          "targetId": "e_nuvei",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_worldpay",
          "targetName": "Worldpay",
          "targetId": "e_worldpay",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_rainforest",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Rainforest",
      "description": "An Atlanta-based PayFac-as-a-service provider that lets vertical SaaS platforms embed payments under Rainforest's payment facilitator registration, competing on platform economics, portfolio migration and contractual data portability.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_rainforest",
          "text": "Rainforest Pay, Inc. is a Delaware corporation based in Atlanta, founded in 2022 by Joshua Silver. It gives software platforms the machinery to embed payments: real-time sub-merchant onboarding and underwriting, card, ACH, PayPal, Venmo and Apple Pay acceptance, terminal payments, next-day funding, split payouts, chargeback management and embedded reporting, delivered as a REST API with a white-labeled low-code component library. It is the youngest of the serious PayFac-as-a-service providers, and competes on three things rather than breadth.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/rainforest/",
          "pageTitle": "Rainforest — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_rainforest_card_processing",
          "text": "Rainforest acquires card transactions for platform sub-merchants under its own payment facilitator registration, sponsored by First Citizens Bank & Trust Company and JPMorgan Chase Bank, N.A.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/rainforest/",
          "pageTitle": "Rainforest — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_rainforest_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Rainforest provides a white-labelled low-code component library and payments API for online card acceptance embedded inside software platforms.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/rainforest/",
          "pageTitle": "Rainforest — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_rainforest_embedded_payfac",
          "text": "PayFac-as-a-service for vertical SaaS platforms is Rainforest's entire business and the phrase it uses to describe itself.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/rainforest/",
          "pageTitle": "Rainforest — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Rainforest Pay",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_payfac_embedded",
          "targetName": "Embedded Payments & PayFac-as-a-Service",
          "targetId": "e_grp_payfac_embedded"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_finix",
          "targetName": "Finix",
          "targetId": "e_finix",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_recurly",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Recurly",
      "description": "A subscription management and recurring billing platform that runs plans, invoicing, dunning and churn recovery on top of a merchant's own payment gateways, without processing or settling the payments itself.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_recurly",
          "text": "Recurly is subscription and subscriber-lifecycle software. It manages plans, add-ons, trials, proration, coupons and usage; issues invoices; stores card credentials; and — the part the company is built around — runs dunning, smart retries and churn-recovery campaigns against payments that fail. It does not process anything. Recurly does not acquire, does not settle funds and is not the merchant of record.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/recurly/",
          "pageTitle": "Recurly — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_recurly_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Recurring subscription management is Recurly's entire business: plans, add-ons, trials, proration, coupons, usage-based billing, invoicing, dunning and churn recovery.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/recurly/",
          "pageTitle": "Recurly — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_recurly_payment_links_invoicing",
          "text": "Invoicing is central to Recurly, covering automated invoice generation, hosted payment pages, credit and adjustment handling, and dunning communications on failed payments.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/recurly/",
          "pageTitle": "Recurly — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_recurly_developer_api",
          "text": "Recurly is API-first with published REST APIs, client libraries, webhooks, hosted payment pages, a free sandbox environment and a documented set of gateway integrations.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/recurly/",
          "pageTitle": "Recurly — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_billing_subscription",
          "targetName": "Subscription Billing & Merchant of Record",
          "targetId": "e_grp_billing_subscription"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_chargebee",
          "targetName": "Chargebee",
          "targetId": "e_chargebee",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_shopify_payments",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Shopify Payments",
      "description": "Shopify's built-in card-acceptance product for Shopify stores, processed by Stripe under Shopify's own brand and merchant agreement.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_shopify-payments",
          "text": "Shopify Payments is not a payment processor. It is Shopify's own-brand wrapper over somebody else's processing. Shopify's US Shopify Payments Terms of Service name Stripe, Inc. — or its affiliate Bridge — and PayPal, Inc. as the payment processors that may act as agents for the underlying financial services providers. Shopify sets the price, holds the merchant contract, applies its own risk rules and provides the support. Stripe moves the transaction. This is a legitimate and common arrangement, and for most Shopify merchants it works well.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/shopify-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Shopify Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_shopify-payments_card_processing",
          "text": "Shopify Payments is the default card-acceptance method for Shopify stores, with processing performed by Stripe under Shopify's own merchant agreement and pricing.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/shopify-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Shopify Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_shopify-payments_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Shopify Payments exists specifically to take card payments at Shopify checkout and is deeply integrated with Shopify's cart, fraud analysis and order management.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/shopify-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Shopify Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_shopify-payments_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "Shopify checkout supports Apple Pay, Google Pay and Shop Pay's accelerated one-tap checkout when Shopify Payments is enabled.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/shopify-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Shopify Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Shopify Payments powered by Stripe",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Shopify",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_platform_pos",
          "targetName": "Commerce & POS Platforms",
          "targetId": "e_grp_platform_pos"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_spreedly",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Spreedly",
      "description": "A payments orchestration platform and PCI Level 1 card vault that stores payment credentials on the merchant's behalf and routes transactions across more than a hundred third-party payment services, without ever touching the money.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_spreedly",
          "text": "Spreedly is infrastructure that sits in front of a merchant's payment providers rather than replacing any of them. Credentials are captured into Spreedly's vault, converted into Spreedly tokens, and presented to whichever gateway, acquirer or payment service the merchant chooses. The same stored credential works with more than one provider, and with a new one, without being collected again. The company is unusually direct about its own boundary. Its FAQ states: \"We never touch your money.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/spreedly/",
          "pageTitle": "Spreedly — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_spreedly_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Spreedly's entire product is built for card-not-present online and in-app commerce, capturing credentials through transparent redirect and iframe methods so card data never touches the merchant's servers.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/spreedly/",
          "pageTitle": "Spreedly — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_spreedly_orchestration",
          "text": "Payments orchestration is Spreedly's defining product: PSP-agnostic routing, failover, smart retries and a workflow engine across more than 100 connected payment services.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/spreedly/",
          "pageTitle": "Spreedly — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_spreedly_fraud_risk_tooling",
          "text": "Spreedly acquired fraud orchestration company Dodgeball in September 2025 and now sells fraud prevention and chargeback reduction alongside 3DS as part of its Performance Optimization tier.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/spreedly/",
          "pageTitle": "Spreedly — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Spreedly Open Payments Platform",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_orchestration",
          "targetName": "Orchestration & Payment Intelligence",
          "targetId": "e_grp_orchestration"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_square",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Square",
      "description": "The merchant business of Block, Inc.: a payment facilitator that bundles card acceptance with point-of-sale software, hardware, payroll, banking and lending for small and mid-sized sellers.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_square",
          "text": "Square is not a merchant account provider, and that distinction matters more than any comparison of published rates. Square is a payment facilitator — an aggregator. A seller signs up online, Square underwrites it as a sub-merchant beneath its own master merchant relationships with acquiring bank partners, and settles net proceeds to the seller's bank account or Square Balance. The seller never obtains a merchant account, never receives its own merchant identification number, and has no contract with an acquiring bank. Aggregator / payment facilitator.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/square/",
          "pageTitle": "Square — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_square_card_processing",
          "text": "Square processes Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Discover, JCB and UnionPay transactions as a payment facilitator, onboarding sellers as sub-merchants under its own acquiring relationships rather than issuing each seller its own merchant account.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/square/",
          "pageTitle": "Square — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_square_in_person_pos",
          "text": "In-person point of sale is Square's defining product — first-party readers, Square Stand, Square Terminal, Square Register and Square Handheld run Square's own POS software with integrated inventory, staff and reporting.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/square/",
          "pageTitle": "Square — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_square_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "Square supports contactless and chip acceptance across its hardware line and offers Tap to Pay on iPhone and Android so a seller can accept contactless cards and wallets on a phone with no reader at all.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/square/",
          "pageTitle": "Square — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Square, Inc. (former name of the parent company)",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Block,_Inc.",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
          "targetName": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
          "targetId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_toast",
          "targetName": "Toast",
          "targetId": "e_toast",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_stax_payments",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Stax Payments",
      "description": "An Orlando-based payments company built around a subscription pricing model - a fixed monthly membership fee plus interchange at cost and a flat per-transaction charge, instead of a percentage markup - now also selling embedded payments to software platforms.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_stax-payments",
          "text": "Stax Payments is two businesses under one brand. The first, Stax Pay, sells card acceptance to small and mid-sized merchants in the United States and Canada under a subscription pricing model. The second, Stax Connect, sells embedded payments to software companies that want to monetize payments inside their own products. The two share a processing stack and very little else, and a buyer should be clear which one they are actually talking to.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/stax-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Stax Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_stax-payments_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acceptance under a fixed monthly subscription with interchange passed through at direct cost is the product Stax was founded on and still leads with.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/stax-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Stax Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_stax-payments_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Stax owns Stax Bill, the former Fusebill subscription-billing platform, giving it a dedicated recurring-revenue billing product rather than a bolt-on scheduler.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/stax-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Stax Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_stax-payments_embedded_payfac",
          "text": "Stax Connect is a dedicated embedded-payments and payment-facilitator programme that lets software vendors onboard and monetise their own sub-merchants, and it is the growth area the company's leadership has publicly prioritised.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/stax-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Stax Payments — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Fattmerchant (former name, 2014-2021)",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_smb_merchant_services",
          "targetName": "SMB Merchant Services",
          "targetId": "e_grp_smb_merchant_services"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_helcim",
          "targetName": "Helcim",
          "targetId": "e_helcim",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_square",
          "targetName": "Square",
          "targetId": "e_square",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_stripe",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Stripe",
      "description": "A developer-first payment service provider and payment facilitator that lets businesses accept card and local payments online, in person, and on platforms through a single API.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_stripe",
          "text": "Stripe describes itself as financial infrastructure. That is vague enough to obscure the fact that matters most: on the standard product, Stripe is not software sitting in front of someone else's merchant account. Stripe is the counterparty. It signs the contract with the merchant, it underwrites the merchant, it decides whether the merchant keeps trading, and it holds the money on its way through. Payment facilitator (payfac). A company that holds a master merchant account with an acquiring bank and onboards businesses beneath it as sub-merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/stripe/",
          "pageTitle": "Stripe — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_stripe_card_processing",
          "text": "Stripe processes Visa, Mastercard, American Express, Discover, JCB and UnionPay card transactions as a payment facilitator through partner acquiring banks, and card acquiring is its primary product.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/stripe/",
          "pageTitle": "Stripe — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_stripe_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Stripe's core product is online card and alternative-payment acceptance, delivered through hosted Checkout, embeddable Payment Element components, and direct API integration.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/stripe/",
          "pageTitle": "Stripe — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_stripe_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Stripe Billing is a full subscription-management product covering plans, metered and usage-based pricing, proration, invoicing, dunning and revenue recovery, and is sold as a separately priced module.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/stripe/",
          "pageTitle": "Stripe — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Stripe Payments",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Stripe,_Inc.",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
          "targetName": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
          "targetId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_checkout_com",
          "targetName": "Checkout.com",
          "targetId": "e_checkout_com",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_sumup",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "SumUp",
      "description": "A London-headquartered payments company that sells cheap handheld card readers, a point-of-sale range and a business account to very small merchants and sole traders across Europe, the Americas and beyond.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_sumup",
          "text": "SumUp sells card acceptance to the smallest end of the market: market traders, mobile hairdressers, tradespeople, small cafes, sole traders. The recognisable product is a pocket-sized battery-powered card reader, bought outright for a low one-off price and paired to a phone. Around it sits a broader stack — point-of-sale hardware and software, invoicing, an online store, payment links, gift cards, a business account with a Mastercard debit card, and merchant cash advances.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/sumup/",
          "pageTitle": "SumUp — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_sumup_card_processing",
          "text": "Low-cost card acceptance for micro-merchants on an aggregated payment-facilitator model, with hardware sold outright and a published flat rate, is SumUp's founding and core business.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/sumup/",
          "pageTitle": "SumUp — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_sumup_in_person_pos",
          "text": "SumUp sells a range of its own card readers and countertop point-of-sale devices, and has bought POS software companies including Goodtill and Tiller to strengthen the in-store proposition.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/sumup/",
          "pageTitle": "SumUp — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_sumup_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "Contactless acceptance on a pocket-sized battery-powered reader, and Tap to Pay on a phone in supported markets, is the format SumUp is best known for.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/sumup/",
          "pageTitle": "SumUp — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "SumUp Payments Limited",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/SumUp",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_smb_merchant_services",
          "targetName": "SMB Merchant Services",
          "targetId": "e_grp_smb_merchant_services"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_the_clearing_house",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "The Clearing House",
      "description": "The Clearing House is a bank-owned payments utility that operates four core US clearing and settlement systems — the RTP instant payments network, CHIPS for large-value dollar transfers, the EPN private-sector ACH network, and image check exchange — for its owner and participant financial institutions.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_the-clearing-house",
          "text": "The Clearing House is a utility, not a vendor. It sells nothing to businesses, signs no merchants, holds no customer accounts and has no product a company can buy. It runs the plumbing that United States banks use to move money between themselves, and it is owned by 24 of the largest commercial banks operating in the country — among them Bank of America, JPMorgan Chase, Citibank, Wells Fargo, U.S. Bank, PNC, Truist, Capital One and BNY Mellon. Clearing and settlement.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/the-clearing-house/",
          "pageTitle": "The Clearing House — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_the-clearing-house_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "The Clearing House operates the Electronic Payments Network, a private-sector ACH operator running since 1974 that it says handles essentially half of US commercial ACH volume, clearing debit and credit entries under the Nacha Operating Rules alongside the Federal Reserve's FedACH.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/the-clearing-house/",
          "pageTitle": "The Clearing House — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_the-clearing-house_instant_realtime",
          "text": "The Clearing House owns and operates the RTP network, which launched in November 2017 as the first new US payment rail in four decades and had more than 1,280 participating institutions and a $10 million per-transaction limit as of June 2026.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/the-clearing-house/",
          "pageTitle": "The Clearing House — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "The Clearing House Payments Company",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Clearing_House_Payments_Company",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_network_rail",
          "targetName": "Card Networks & Clearing",
          "targetId": "e_grp_network_rail"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_tipalti",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Tipalti",
      "description": "A finance automation platform for accounts payable and global mass payouts, built for companies that have to pay large numbers of suppliers, creators, affiliates or partners across many countries and collect the right tax paperwork from all of them.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_tipalti",
          "text": "Tipalti is a payables platform, but describing it that way understates what it is actually built to solve. The problem Tipalti addresses is not \"how do we send money\" — banks send money. It is \"how do we collect, validate and keep current the identity, banking and tax details of ten thousand people in eighty countries, and then pay them without breaching sanctions law.\" Its distinguishing mechanic follows from that. Tipalti pushes payee onboarding onto the payee.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/tipalti/",
          "pageTitle": "Tipalti — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_tipalti_ach_bank_debit",
          "text": "Domestic ACH and global ACH are among Tipalti's primary payout rails, alongside local bank transfer schemes such as SEPA, BACS and EFT.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/tipalti/",
          "pageTitle": "Tipalti — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_tipalti_cross_border_fx",
          "text": "Tipalti pays into 200+ countries and territories in 120 local currencies through 50+ payment methods, and handles the currency conversion as part of the payout.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/tipalti/",
          "pageTitle": "Tipalti — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_tipalti_fraud_risk_tooling",
          "text": "Sanctions screening against OFAC, EU and HM Treasury lists, AML monitoring and continuous fraud detection run on every payment before it is released.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/tipalti/",
          "pageTitle": "Tipalti — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Tipalti Approve (procurement)",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar",
          "targetName": "B2B, AP & AR Automation",
          "targetId": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_bill",
          "targetName": "BILL",
          "targetId": "e_bill",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_payoneer",
          "targetName": "Payoneer",
          "targetId": "e_payoneer",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_toast",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Toast",
      "description": "A restaurant-only operating system that bundles Android point-of-sale hardware, restaurant software and integrated card processing, sold as one subscription-plus-processing package.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_toast",
          "text": "Toast is a restaurant operating system with a payments company inside it. The visible product is point-of-sale hardware and software — terminals, handhelds, kiosks, kitchen displays, online ordering, delivery, loyalty, payroll and team management, all built specifically for food service. The commercial engine underneath is card processing, which Toast reports as financial technology solutions and which produces the large majority of its revenue. That ordering matters. Toast is often described as a POS vendor that also handles payments.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/toast/",
          "pageTitle": "Toast — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_toast_card_processing",
          "text": "Toast is a payment facilitator that boards restaurants as sub-merchants and processed $195.1 billion in gross payment volume in 2025, and card processing generates the majority of its revenue.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/toast/",
          "pageTitle": "Toast — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_toast_in_person_pos",
          "text": "Toast's core product is a restaurant point-of-sale estate of Android terminals, handhelds, kiosks and kitchen displays built for table service and quick service.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/toast/",
          "pageTitle": "Toast — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_toast_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "Toast Go handhelds and Toast Tap readers accept contactless cards and mobile wallets at the table and kerbside.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/toast/",
          "pageTitle": "Toast — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Toast POS",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Toast,_Inc.",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_platform_pos",
          "targetName": "Commerce & POS Platforms",
          "targetId": "e_grp_platform_pos"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_visa",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Visa",
      "description": "Visa is a global card network that operates the VisaNet authorisation, clearing and settlement system and sets the rules and default interchange rates for Visa-branded cards — it does not issue cards, lend money, or hold merchant accounts.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_visa",
          "text": "Visa is a network, not a processor, and the distinction determines who a business can actually negotiate with. Visa issues no cards, lends no money, underwrites no merchants, holds no merchant funds, and has no contract with the overwhelming majority of businesses displaying its logo. What it owns is VisaNet — the system that authorizes, clears and settles a card transaction between the bank that issued the card and the bank that signed up the merchant — plus the rulebook and default fee schedules governing how that system behaves. Four-party model.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/visa/",
          "pageTitle": "Visa — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_visa_card_processing",
          "text": "Visa operates VisaNet, which authorises, clears and settles card transactions between issuing and acquiring banks, but Visa does not itself sign merchants or act as their processor.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/visa/",
          "pageTitle": "Visa — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_visa_mobile_contactless",
          "text": "Visa's contactless specification and its Visa Token Service supply the network tokens that Apple Pay, Google Pay and Samsung Pay use to represent a Visa card on a phone.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/visa/",
          "pageTitle": "Visa — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_visa_instant_realtime",
          "text": "Visa Direct is a large push-payments business that delivers funds to eligible cards and accounts in near real time and is one of Visa's headline 'new flows' growth products.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/visa/",
          "pageTitle": "Visa — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Visa Inc.",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Visa_Inc.",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_network_rail",
          "targetName": "Card Networks & Clearing",
          "targetId": "e_grp_network_rail"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_mastercard",
          "targetName": "Mastercard",
          "targetId": "e_mastercard",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_waystar",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Waystar",
      "description": "A Nasdaq-listed healthcare payments software company that sits between US healthcare providers and payers, handling eligibility checks, claim submission, remittance, denial recovery and patient billing across roughly 7.5 billion transactions and $2.4 trillion of gross claims a year.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_waystar",
          "text": "Waystar is the software layer through which a US healthcare provider gets paid. It sits between providers and the insurers that pay them, moving the data that turns a treated patient into collected money: coverage checks before the visit, claims after it, remittances back from the payer, appeals when the payer says no, and a bill to the patient for whatever is left. The company reports roughly 7.5 billion transactions and over $2.4 trillion of gross claims a year, spanning approximately 60% of US patients and one in three US hospital discharges.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/waystar/",
          "pageTitle": "Waystar — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_waystar_orchestration",
          "text": "Waystar's central function is orchestrating the flow of a healthcare claim across thousands of payers, clearinghouse connections and provider systems from eligibility through remittance.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/waystar/",
          "pageTitle": "Waystar — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_waystar_payment_links_invoicing",
          "text": "Patient statements, personalised explanation-of-benefit presentation and self-service bill payment are a named module of the Waystar platform.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/waystar/",
          "pageTitle": "Waystar — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_waystar_vertical_specialisation",
          "text": "Waystar serves US healthcare providers exclusively and builds specialty-specific workflows for segments including hospitals, ambulatory surgery centers, laboratories and home health.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/waystar/",
          "pageTitle": "Waystar — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Waystar Health",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_healthcare_payments",
          "targetName": "Healthcare Payments",
          "targetId": "e_grp_healthcare_payments"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_worldpay",
      "@type": "Organization",
      "name": "Worldpay",
      "description": "A global merchant acquirer and gateway formed from the 2018 merger of the US processor Vantiv and the UK's Worldpay, which has changed owners four times since then and became part of Global Payments in January 2026.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_worldpay",
          "text": "Worldpay is an acquirer and a gateway in one product. It holds the merchant agreement, underwrites the merchant, authorises and captures card transactions, connects to the card networks and to local schemes and alternative payment methods, funds settlement, and carries the acquiring and chargeback exposure. Many companies do one half of that and buy the other. Worldpay does both, which is why enterprise merchants can run a checkout in a dozen countries without stitching together a gateway, an acquirer and a local method aggregator per market.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/worldpay/",
          "pageTitle": "Worldpay — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_worldpay_card_processing",
          "text": "Card acquiring is Worldpay's entire business, and it states it processes $2.3 trillion annually for enterprise customers.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/worldpay/",
          "pageTitle": "Worldpay — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_worldpay_online_ecommerce",
          "text": "Cross-border e-commerce acquiring is Worldpay's principal strength and the stated reason Global Payments bought it in 2026, covering websites and mobile apps with local and alternative payment methods.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/worldpay/",
          "pageTitle": "Worldpay — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        },
        {
          "chunkId": "c_worldpay_recurring_billing",
          "text": "Worldpay markets payment credential management and a payment vault aimed at subscription and digital content merchants, where stored-credential recurring billing and account updater coverage are the buying criteria.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/companies/worldpay/",
          "pageTitle": "Worldpay — company profile | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "evidence"
        }
      ],
      "alternateName": "Vantiv",
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Worldpay,_Inc.",
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "PART_OF",
          "target": "e_grp_acquirer_processor",
          "targetName": "Acquirers & Large Processors",
          "targetId": "e_grp_acquirer_processor"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe",
          "confidence": "declared"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "RELATES_TO",
          "target": "e_checkout_com",
          "targetName": "Checkout.com",
          "targetId": "e_checkout_com",
          "confidence": "declared"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_interchange",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Interchange",
      "description": "The fee an acquiring bank pays an issuing bank on every card transaction. It is set by the card network rather than negotiated between the parties, it is the largest single component of most merchants' card costs, and no processor can discount it.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_interchange",
          "text": "The fee an acquiring bank pays an issuing bank on every card transaction. It is set by the card network rather than negotiated between the parties, it is the largest single component of most merchants' card costs, and no processor can discount it.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/payment-processing-fees/",
          "pageTitle": "Interchange | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Interchange_fee"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_payment_facilitator",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Payment Facilitator",
      "description": "An entity that holds a master merchant account with an acquirer and boards sub-merchants beneath it, taking on underwriting, monitoring and settlement obligations for them in exchange for controlling the merchant relationship.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payment_facilitator",
          "text": "An entity that holds a master merchant account with an acquirer and boards sub-merchants beneath it, taking on underwriting, monitoring and settlement obligations for them in exchange for controlling the merchant relationship.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/what-is-a-payfac/",
          "pageTitle": "Payment Facilitator | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_merchant_of_record",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Merchant of Record",
      "description": "The legal entity that appears on the cardholder's statement and carries liability for the sale, including tax obligations and chargebacks. In a merchant-of-record arrangement the platform, not the seller, is the party to the transaction.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_merchant_of_record",
          "text": "The legal entity that appears on the cardholder's statement and carries liability for the sale, including tax obligations and chargebacks. In a merchant-of-record arrangement the platform, not the seller, is the party to the transaction.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/what-is-a-payfac/",
          "pageTitle": "Merchant of Record | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_acquiring_bank",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Acquiring Bank",
      "description": "The bank that holds a merchant's account, receives funds from the card networks on the merchant's behalf, and carries the credit risk if the merchant fails to deliver and cannot fund its own chargebacks.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_acquiring_bank",
          "text": "The bank that holds a merchant's account, receives funds from the card networks on the merchant's behalf, and carries the credit risk if the merchant fails to deliver and cannot fund its own chargebacks.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/how-payment-processing-works/",
          "pageTitle": "Acquiring Bank | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acquiring_bank"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_issuing_bank",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Issuing Bank",
      "description": "The bank that issues a payment card to a cardholder, authorises or declines each transaction, and extends the credit or holds the deposit behind it.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_issuing_bank",
          "text": "The bank that issues a payment card to a cardholder, authorises or declines each transaction, and extends the credit or holds the deposit behind it.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/how-payment-processing-works/",
          "pageTitle": "Issuing Bank | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Issuing_bank"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_payment_gateway",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Payment Gateway",
      "description": "The software layer that transmits transaction data from a merchant's checkout to a processor, handling encryption, tokenisation and the authorisation response.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payment_gateway",
          "text": "The software layer that transmits transaction data from a merchant's checkout to a processor, handling encryption, tokenisation and the authorisation response.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/how-payment-processing-works/",
          "pageTitle": "Payment Gateway | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_gateway"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_payment_orchestration",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Payment Orchestration",
      "description": "A routing layer above multiple payment providers that directs each transaction to a chosen processor according to rules on cost, authorisation rate, geography or redundancy.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_payment_orchestration",
          "text": "A routing layer above multiple payment providers that directs each transaction to a chosen processor according to rules on cost, authorisation rate, geography or redundancy.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/payment-orchestration/",
          "pageTitle": "Payment Orchestration | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_embedded_payments",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Embedded Payments",
      "description": "Payment acceptance built into a software platform so that the platform's customers transact without leaving it, with the platform taking a share of the payment economics.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_embedded_payments",
          "text": "Payment acceptance built into a software platform so that the platform's customers transact without leaving it, with the platform taking a share of the payment economics.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/embedded-payments-for-saas/",
          "pageTitle": "Embedded Payments | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_tokenisation",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Tokenisation",
      "description": "Replacing a payment card number with a surrogate value that has no exploitable meaning outside the system that issued it, so that card data never has to be stored by the merchant.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_tokenisation",
          "text": "Replacing a payment card number with a surrogate value that has no exploitable meaning outside the system that issued it, so that card data never has to be stored by the merchant.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/how-payment-processing-works/",
          "pageTitle": "Tokenisation | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Tokenization_(data_security)"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_chargeback",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Chargeback",
      "description": "The forced reversal of a card transaction initiated by the cardholder's issuing bank, which returns the funds to the cardholder and debits the merchant while the dispute is examined.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_chargeback",
          "text": "The forced reversal of a card transaction initiated by the cardholder's issuing bank, which returns the funds to the cardholder and debits the merchant while the dispute is examined.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/chargebacks-and-representment/",
          "pageTitle": "Chargeback | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Chargeback"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_pci_dss",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "PCI DSS",
      "description": "The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard — the security requirements every organisation storing, processing or transmitting cardholder data must meet, administered by the PCI Security Standards Council.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_pci_dss",
          "text": "The Payment Card Industry Data Security Standard — the security requirements every organisation storing, processing or transmitting cardholder data must meet, administered by the PCI Security Standards Council.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/how-payment-processing-works/",
          "pageTitle": "PCI DSS | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_Card_Industry_Data_Security_Standard"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_money_transmitter_licence",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Money Transmitter Licence",
      "description": "A US state licence required to receive money for transmission on behalf of another party. Because it is issued state by state, nationwide coverage means roughly fifty separate licences and supervisory relationships.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_money_transmitter_licence",
          "text": "A US state licence required to receive money for transmission on behalf of another party. Because it is issued state by state, nationwide coverage means roughly fifty separate licences and supervisory relationships.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/how-to-start-a-payment-processing-company/",
          "pageTitle": "Money Transmitter Licence | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Money_transmitter"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_ach",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Automated Clearing House",
      "description": "The US batch network for bank-account credits and debits, governed by Nacha rules. It is inexpensive and reversible, and it settles in batches rather than instantly.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_ach",
          "text": "The US batch network for bank-account credits and debits, governed by Nacha rules. It is inexpensive and reversible, and it settles in batches rather than instantly.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/us-payment-rails-compared/",
          "pageTitle": "Automated Clearing House | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Automated_clearing_house"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_rtp",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Real-Time Payments (RTP)",
      "description": "The instant, irrevocable interbank payment network operated by The Clearing House, launched in 2017 and reaching the majority of US demand-deposit accounts.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_rtp",
          "text": "The instant, irrevocable interbank payment network operated by The Clearing House, launched in 2017 and reaching the majority of US demand-deposit accounts.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/us-payment-rails-compared/",
          "pageTitle": "Real-Time Payments (RTP) | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_fednow",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "FedNow",
      "description": "The Federal Reserve's instant payment service, launched in July 2023, providing round-the-clock interbank settlement as a public alternative to the privately operated RTP network.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_fednow",
          "text": "The Federal Reserve's instant payment service, launched in July 2023, providing round-the-clock interbank settlement as a public alternative to the privately operated RTP network.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/us-payment-rails-compared/",
          "pageTitle": "FedNow | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FedNow"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_mcc",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Merchant Category Code",
      "description": "A four-digit code classifying a merchant's line of business. It determines the interchange table applied to the merchant's transactions and whether some issuers will authorise them at all.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_mcc",
          "text": "A four-digit code classifying a merchant's line of business. It determines the interchange table applied to the merchant's transactions and whether some issuers will authorise them at all.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/payment-processing-fees/",
          "pageTitle": "Merchant Category Code | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Merchant_category_code"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_level_3_data",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Level 3 Data",
      "description": "Line-item detail — part numbers, quantities, unit costs, freight and duty — submitted with a commercial card transaction to qualify it for lower interchange than a standard card-not-present sale.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_level_3_data",
          "text": "Line-item detail — part numbers, quantities, unit costs, freight and duty — submitted with a commercial card transaction to qualify it for lower interchange than a standard card-not-present sale.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/level-2-and-level-3-data/",
          "pageTitle": "Level 3 Data | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_card_network",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Card Network",
      "description": "The scheme that connects acquirers and issuers, sets the operating rules and interchange rates, and clears transactions between them. Visa and Mastercard operate four-party networks; American Express and Discover historically operated three-party models.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_card_network",
          "text": "The scheme that connects acquirers and issuers, sets the operating rules and interchange rates, and clears transactions between them. Visa and Mastercard operate four-party networks; American Express and Discover historically operated three-party models.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/how-payment-processing-works/",
          "pageTitle": "Card Network | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Card_scheme"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_bnpl",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Buy Now, Pay Later",
      "description": "Short-term instalment credit offered to a consumer at the point of checkout, funded by the provider and repaid over a fixed schedule, with the merchant paying a materially higher fee than on a card sale.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_bnpl",
          "text": "Short-term instalment credit offered to a consumer at the point of checkout, funded by the provider and repaid over a fixed schedule, with the merchant paying a materially higher fee than on a card sale.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/payment-processing-fees/",
          "pageTitle": "Buy Now, Pay Later | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Buy_now,_pay_later"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_interchange_plus",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Interchange-Plus Pricing",
      "description": "A pricing model that passes interchange and network assessments through at cost and adds a disclosed processor margin, so the merchant can see which portion of the fee is actually negotiable.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_interchange_plus",
          "text": "A pricing model that passes interchange and network assessments through at cost and adds a disclosed processor margin, so the merchant can see which portion of the fee is actually negotiable.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/interchange-plus-vs-flat-rate/",
          "pageTitle": "Interchange-Plus Pricing | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_psp",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Payment Service Provider",
      "description": "A provider that supplies merchants with acceptance under its own acquiring relationships, typically combining gateway, processing and settlement into a single contract.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_psp",
          "text": "A provider that supplies merchants with acceptance under its own acquiring relationships, typically combining gateway, processing and settlement into a single contract.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/what-is-a-payfac/",
          "pageTitle": "Payment Service Provider | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Payment_service_provider"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_3d_secure",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "3-D Secure",
      "description": "The cardholder authentication protocol used in card-not-present transactions, which shifts liability for fraudulent chargebacks from the merchant to the issuer when authentication succeeds.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_3d_secure",
          "text": "The cardholder authentication protocol used in card-not-present transactions, which shifts liability for fraudulent chargebacks from the merchant to the issuer when authentication succeeds.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/chargebacks-and-representment/",
          "pageTitle": "3-D Secure | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "sameAs": "https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/3-D_Secure"
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_agentic_payments",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "Agentic Payments",
      "description": "Payments initiated by an autonomous software agent acting on a user's behalf, raising unsettled questions about mandate, authentication, dispute rights and who is liable when an agent transacts in error.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_agentic_payments",
          "text": "Payments initiated by an autonomous software agent acting on a user's behalf, raising unsettled questions about mandate, authentication, dispute rights and who is liable when an agent transacts in error.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/guides/agentic-payments/",
          "pageTitle": "Agentic Payments | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_high_risk_merchant",
      "@type": "Concept",
      "name": "High-Risk Merchant",
      "description": "A merchant classified by acquirers as carrying elevated chargeback, fraud, regulatory or reputational risk, which typically results in higher pricing, rolling reserves, and a shorter path to termination.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_high_risk_merchant",
          "text": "A merchant classified by acquirers as carrying elevated chargeback, fraud, regulatory or reputational risk, which typically results in higher pricing, rolling reserves, and a shorter path to termination.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/high-risk-payment-processing/",
          "pageTitle": "High-Risk Merchant | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_processors",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Processing & Acquiring",
      "description": "Companies that provide payment acceptance to merchants — acquirers, payment service providers, gateways, commerce platforms, high-risk specialists and cross-border acquirers.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_processors",
          "text": "Companies that provide payment acceptance to merchants — acquirers, payment service providers, gateways, commerce platforms, high-risk specialists and cross-border acquirers.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/processors/",
          "pageTitle": "Processing & Acquiring | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_airwallex",
          "targetName": "Airwallex",
          "targetId": "e_airwallex"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_authorize_net",
          "targetName": "Authorize.net",
          "targetId": "e_authorize_net"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_braintree",
          "targetName": "Braintree",
          "targetId": "e_braintree"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_cardconnect",
          "targetName": "CardConnect",
          "targetId": "e_cardconnect"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_chase_payment_solutions",
          "targetName": "Chase Payment Solutions",
          "targetId": "e_chase_payment_solutions"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_checkout_com",
          "targetName": "Checkout.com",
          "targetId": "e_checkout_com"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_clover",
          "targetName": "Clover",
          "targetId": "e_clover"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_dlocal",
          "targetName": "dLocal",
          "targetId": "e_dlocal"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_durango_merchant_services",
          "targetName": "Durango Merchant Services",
          "targetId": "e_durango_merchant_services"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_ebanx",
          "targetName": "EBANX",
          "targetId": "e_ebanx"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_elavon",
          "targetName": "Elavon",
          "targetId": "e_elavon"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_fiserv",
          "targetName": "Fiserv",
          "targetId": "e_fiserv"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_global_payments",
          "targetName": "Global Payments",
          "targetId": "e_global_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_gravity_payments",
          "targetName": "Gravity Payments",
          "targetId": "e_gravity_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_heartland",
          "targetName": "Heartland",
          "targetId": "e_heartland"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_helcim",
          "targetName": "Helcim",
          "targetId": "e_helcim"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_nmi",
          "targetName": "NMI",
          "targetId": "e_nmi"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_north_american_bancard",
          "targetName": "North",
          "targetId": "e_north_american_bancard"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_nuvei",
          "targetName": "Nuvei",
          "targetId": "e_nuvei"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paymentcloud",
          "targetName": "PaymentCloud",
          "targetId": "e_paymentcloud"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_payoneer",
          "targetName": "Payoneer",
          "targetId": "e_payoneer"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paypal",
          "targetName": "PayPal",
          "targetId": "e_paypal"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paysafe",
          "targetName": "Paysafe",
          "targetId": "e_paysafe"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_shopify_payments",
          "targetName": "Shopify Payments",
          "targetId": "e_shopify_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_square",
          "targetName": "Square",
          "targetId": "e_square"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_stax_payments",
          "targetName": "Stax Payments",
          "targetId": "e_stax_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_sumup",
          "targetName": "SumUp",
          "targetId": "e_sumup"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_toast",
          "targetName": "Toast",
          "targetId": "e_toast"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_worldpay",
          "targetName": "Worldpay",
          "targetId": "e_worldpay"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_infrastructure",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Payments Infrastructure & Enablement",
      "description": "Companies that supply the infrastructure behind payments — card networks, clearing, bank rails, embedded-payments platforms, orchestration, billing, fraud decisioning and vertical specialists — selling mostly to other businesses rather than to merchants.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_infrastructure",
          "text": "Companies that supply the infrastructure behind payments — card networks, clearing, bank rails, embedded-payments platforms, orchestration, billing, fraud decisioning and vertical specialists — selling mostly to other businesses rather than to merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/infrastructure/",
          "pageTitle": "Payments Infrastructure & Enablement | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_affirm",
          "targetName": "Affirm",
          "targetId": "e_affirm"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_bill",
          "targetName": "BILL",
          "targetId": "e_bill"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_bvnk",
          "targetName": "BVNK",
          "targetId": "e_bvnk"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_cass_information_systems",
          "targetName": "Cass Information Systems",
          "targetId": "e_cass_information_systems"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_cedar",
          "targetName": "Cedar",
          "targetId": "e_cedar"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_chargebee",
          "targetName": "Chargebee",
          "targetId": "e_chargebee"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_corpay",
          "targetName": "Corpay",
          "targetId": "e_corpay"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_dwolla",
          "targetName": "Dwolla",
          "targetId": "e_dwolla"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_finix",
          "targetName": "Finix",
          "targetId": "e_finix"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_fis",
          "targetName": "FIS",
          "targetId": "e_fis"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_forter",
          "targetName": "Forter",
          "targetId": "e_forter"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_gocardless",
          "targetName": "GoCardless",
          "targetId": "e_gocardless"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_invoicecloud",
          "targetName": "InvoiceCloud",
          "targetId": "e_invoicecloud"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_klarna",
          "targetName": "Klarna",
          "targetId": "e_klarna"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_mastercard",
          "targetName": "Mastercard",
          "targetId": "e_mastercard"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_melio",
          "targetName": "Melio",
          "targetId": "e_melio"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_modern_treasury",
          "targetName": "Modern Treasury",
          "targetId": "e_modern_treasury"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_moov",
          "targetName": "Moov",
          "targetId": "e_moov"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paddle",
          "targetName": "Paddle",
          "targetId": "e_paddle"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_pagos",
          "targetName": "Pagos",
          "targetId": "e_pagos"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paymentus",
          "targetName": "Paymentus",
          "targetId": "e_paymentus"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_payrix",
          "targetName": "Payrix",
          "targetId": "e_payrix"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_rainforest",
          "targetName": "Rainforest",
          "targetId": "e_rainforest"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_recurly",
          "targetName": "Recurly",
          "targetId": "e_recurly"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_spreedly",
          "targetName": "Spreedly",
          "targetId": "e_spreedly"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_the_clearing_house",
          "targetName": "The Clearing House",
          "targetId": "e_the_clearing_house"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_tipalti",
          "targetName": "Tipalti",
          "targetId": "e_tipalti"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_visa",
          "targetName": "Visa",
          "targetId": "e_visa"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_waystar",
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          "targetId": "e_waystar"
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      ]
    },
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      "entityId": "e_grp_acquirer_processor",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Acquirers & Large Processors",
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        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_acquirer_processor",
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          "pageTitle": "Acquirers & Large Processors | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_chase_payment_solutions",
          "targetName": "Chase Payment Solutions",
          "targetId": "e_chase_payment_solutions"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_elavon",
          "targetName": "Elavon",
          "targetId": "e_elavon"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_fiserv",
          "targetName": "Fiserv",
          "targetId": "e_fiserv"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_global_payments",
          "targetName": "Global Payments",
          "targetId": "e_global_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_heartland",
          "targetName": "Heartland",
          "targetId": "e_heartland"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_north_american_bancard",
          "targetName": "North",
          "targetId": "e_north_american_bancard"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_worldpay",
          "targetName": "Worldpay",
          "targetId": "e_worldpay"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_psp_aggregator",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators",
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      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_psp_aggregator",
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          "pageTitle": "Payment Service Providers & Aggregators | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_adyen",
          "targetName": "Adyen",
          "targetId": "e_adyen"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_braintree",
          "targetName": "Braintree",
          "targetId": "e_braintree"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_checkout_com",
          "targetName": "Checkout.com",
          "targetId": "e_checkout_com"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_nuvei",
          "targetName": "Nuvei",
          "targetId": "e_nuvei"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paypal",
          "targetName": "PayPal",
          "targetId": "e_paypal"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paysafe",
          "targetName": "Paysafe",
          "targetId": "e_paysafe"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_square",
          "targetName": "Square",
          "targetId": "e_square"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_stripe",
          "targetName": "Stripe",
          "targetId": "e_stripe"
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      ]
    },
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        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_smb_merchant_services",
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          "pageTitle": "SMB Merchant Services | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
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          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_gravity_payments",
          "targetName": "Gravity Payments",
          "targetId": "e_gravity_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_helcim",
          "targetName": "Helcim",
          "targetId": "e_helcim"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_stax_payments",
          "targetName": "Stax Payments",
          "targetId": "e_stax_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_sumup",
          "targetName": "SumUp",
          "targetId": "e_sumup"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_platform_pos",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Commerce & POS Platforms",
      "description": "Software platforms where payments are one module of a larger operating system for the business, and where leaving the payments product usually means leaving the platform.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_platform_pos",
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          "pageTitle": "Commerce & POS Platforms | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_clover",
          "targetName": "Clover",
          "targetId": "e_clover"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_shopify_payments",
          "targetName": "Shopify Payments",
          "targetId": "e_shopify_payments"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_toast",
          "targetName": "Toast",
          "targetId": "e_toast"
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      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_gateway",
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      "name": "Payment Gateways",
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      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_gateway",
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          "pageTitle": "Payment Gateways | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_authorize_net",
          "targetName": "Authorize.net",
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_cardconnect",
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          "targetId": "e_cardconnect"
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_nmi",
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          "targetId": "e_nmi"
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      ]
    },
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      "entityId": "e_grp_high_risk",
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        {
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          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
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      ],
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_durango_merchant_services",
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paymentcloud",
          "targetName": "PaymentCloud",
          "targetId": "e_paymentcloud"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_cross_border",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Cross-Border & Global Acquiring",
      "description": "Providers built around local acceptance, local payment methods and foreign exchange rather than around a single domestic card market.",
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        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_cross_border",
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          "pageTitle": "Cross-Border & Global Acquiring | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_airwallex",
          "targetName": "Airwallex",
          "targetId": "e_airwallex"
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_dlocal",
          "targetName": "dLocal",
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_ebanx",
          "targetName": "EBANX",
          "targetId": "e_ebanx"
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_payoneer",
          "targetName": "Payoneer",
          "targetId": "e_payoneer"
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      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_issuer_core_banking",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Issuer Processing & Core Banking",
      "description": "Companies that sit on the issuing side of a transaction or run the bank systems behind it, selling to financial institutions rather than to merchants.",
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        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_issuer_core_banking",
          "text": "Companies that sit on the issuing side of a transaction or run the bank systems behind it, selling to financial institutions rather than to merchants.",
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          "pageTitle": "Issuer Processing & Core Banking | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_fis",
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          "targetId": "e_fis"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_payfac_embedded",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Embedded Payments & PayFac-as-a-Service",
      "description": "Infrastructure that lets a software company monetise payments for its own customers without acquiring the licences, underwriting capability and risk exposure of a full payment facilitator.",
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        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_payfac_embedded",
          "text": "Infrastructure that lets a software company monetise payments for its own customers without acquiring the licences, underwriting capability and risk exposure of a full payment facilitator.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/company-types/",
          "pageTitle": "Embedded Payments & PayFac-as-a-Service | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_finix",
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          "targetId": "e_finix"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_moov",
          "targetName": "Moov",
          "targetId": "e_moov"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_payrix",
          "targetName": "Payrix",
          "targetId": "e_payrix"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_rainforest",
          "targetName": "Rainforest",
          "targetId": "e_rainforest"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_orchestration",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Orchestration & Payment Intelligence",
      "description": "A routing and analytics layer above the processors, used by merchants running more than one provider to control authorisation rates, cost and redundancy.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_orchestration",
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          "pageTitle": "Orchestration & Payment Intelligence | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_pagos",
          "targetName": "Pagos",
          "targetId": "e_pagos"
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_spreedly",
          "targetName": "Spreedly",
          "targetId": "e_spreedly"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_billing_subscription",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Subscription Billing & Merchant of Record",
      "description": "Systems that manage the billing relationship rather than the card transaction - plans, proration, dunning, tax - and, in the merchant-of-record model, take on the sale itself.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_billing_subscription",
          "text": "Systems that manage the billing relationship rather than the card transaction - plans, proration, dunning, tax - and, in the merchant-of-record model, take on the sale itself.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/company-types/",
          "pageTitle": "Subscription Billing & Merchant of Record | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_chargebee",
          "targetName": "Chargebee",
          "targetId": "e_chargebee"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paddle",
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          "targetId": "e_paddle"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_recurly",
          "targetName": "Recurly",
          "targetId": "e_recurly"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_b2b_ap_ar",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "B2B, AP & AR Automation",
      "description": "Payments between businesses rather than from consumers, where the hard part is the invoice, the approval workflow and the reconciliation rather than the authorisation.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_b2b_ap_ar",
          "text": "Payments between businesses rather than from consumers, where the hard part is the invoice, the approval workflow and the reconciliation rather than the authorisation.",
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          "pageTitle": "B2B, AP & AR Automation | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_bill",
          "targetName": "BILL",
          "targetId": "e_bill"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_corpay",
          "targetName": "Corpay",
          "targetId": "e_corpay"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_melio",
          "targetName": "Melio",
          "targetId": "e_melio"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_tipalti",
          "targetName": "Tipalti",
          "targetId": "e_tipalti"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_network_rail",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Card Networks & Clearing",
      "description": "The networks and clearing infrastructure themselves. They set the rules and the interchange, and they do not sell acceptance to merchants.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_network_rail",
          "text": "The networks and clearing infrastructure themselves. They set the rules and the interchange, and they do not sell acceptance to merchants.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/company-types/",
          "pageTitle": "Card Networks & Clearing | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_mastercard",
          "targetName": "Mastercard",
          "targetId": "e_mastercard"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_the_clearing_house",
          "targetName": "The Clearing House",
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_visa",
          "targetName": "Visa",
          "targetId": "e_visa"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_bank_rails",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Bank Rails & Payment Operations",
      "description": "Providers of bank-account payments - ACH, direct debit, wires, real-time payments - and the operational tooling around reconciliation and ledgering.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_bank_rails",
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          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/company-types/",
          "pageTitle": "Bank Rails & Payment Operations | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_dwolla",
          "targetName": "Dwolla",
          "targetId": "e_dwolla"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_gocardless",
          "targetName": "GoCardless",
          "targetId": "e_gocardless"
        },
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_modern_treasury",
          "targetName": "Modern Treasury",
          "targetId": "e_modern_treasury"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_fraud_risk",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Fraud & Risk",
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      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_fraud_risk",
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          "pageTitle": "Fraud & Risk | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_forter",
          "targetName": "Forter",
          "targetId": "e_forter"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_healthcare_payments",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Healthcare Payments",
      "description": "Revenue-cycle and patient-payment platforms, where the payer mix, the explanation of benefits and HIPAA obligations make general-purpose processing a poor fit.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_healthcare_payments",
          "text": "Revenue-cycle and patient-payment platforms, where the payer mix, the explanation of benefits and HIPAA obligations make general-purpose processing a poor fit.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/company-types/",
          "pageTitle": "Healthcare Payments | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_cedar",
          "targetName": "Cedar",
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_waystar",
          "targetName": "Waystar",
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      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_bill_pay_ebpp",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Bill Payment & EBPP",
      "description": "Electronic bill presentment and payment for utilities, municipalities, insurers and other billers, where the customer relationship is recurring and non-discretionary.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_bill_pay_ebpp",
          "text": "Electronic bill presentment and payment for utilities, municipalities, insurers and other billers, where the customer relationship is recurring and non-discretionary.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/company-types/",
          "pageTitle": "Bill Payment & EBPP | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_invoicecloud",
          "targetName": "InvoiceCloud",
          "targetId": "e_invoicecloud"
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        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_paymentus",
          "targetName": "Paymentus",
          "targetId": "e_paymentus"
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      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_crypto_stablecoin",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Stablecoin & Crypto Payments",
      "description": "Infrastructure for settling in stablecoins and moving between fiat and digital assets - the newest category here, and the one with the least settled regulation.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_crypto_stablecoin",
          "text": "Infrastructure for settling in stablecoins and moving between fiat and digital assets - the newest category here, and the one with the least settled regulation.",
          "sourceUrl": "https://www.paymentcompanies.com/company-types/",
          "pageTitle": "Stablecoin & Crypto Payments | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
          "contentType": "definition"
        }
      ],
      "relations": [
        {
          "predicate": "INCLUDES",
          "target": "e_bvnk",
          "targetName": "BVNK",
          "targetId": "e_bvnk"
        }
      ]
    },
    {
      "entityId": "e_grp_freight_audit",
      "@type": "Taxonomy",
      "name": "Freight Audit & Payment",
      "description": "Specialists that audit carrier invoices against contracted rates before paying them, a category where the provider's economics often depend on float rather than fees.",
      "hasChunks": [
        {
          "chunkId": "c_e_grp_freight_audit",
          "text": "Specialists that audit carrier invoices against contracted rates before paying them, a category where the provider's economics often depend on float rather than fees.",
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          "pageTitle": "Freight Audit & Payment | PaymentCompanies.com",
          "publisher": "PaymentCompanies.com",
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